Public Health Program, Schools of Arts and Sciences, MCPHS University, Boston, Massachusetts.
J Occup Environ Med. 2021 Jun 1;63(6):503-507. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000002177.
Occupational disparities in mortality are a concern in public health. Understanding these disparities is important for identifying high-risk occupations for intervention and occupational factors that may be contributing to high risk for primary prevention. Using data from death certificates is a useful strategy for tracking occupational disparities in mortality. There are a number of challenges associated with working with this data. This paper describes how to access death certificate data, code occupational information from these death certificates, calculate mortality rates by occupation, and combine death certificate data with data from other sources. Limitations of existing death certificate occupation data are described along with recommendations about how to improve the collection of occupation information for death certificates. Finally, a proposal for the development of a national occupational mortality surveillance system is presented.
职业差异导致的死亡率是公共卫生关注的一个问题。了解这些差异对于确定高危职业和可能导致初级预防风险升高的职业因素非常重要。使用死亡证明数据是跟踪死亡率职业差异的一种有效策略。在使用这些数据时存在一些挑战。本文描述了如何访问死亡证明数据、对这些死亡证明中的职业信息进行编码、按职业计算死亡率，以及将死亡证明数据与其他来源的数据相结合。描述了现有死亡证明职业数据的局限性，并提出了如何改进死亡证明中职业信息收集的建议。最后，提出了一个国家职业死亡率监测系统的开发建议。
