WS Audiology, Widex Office of Research in Clinical Amplification (ORCA-USA), Lisle, Illinois.
J Am Acad Audiol. 2020 Nov;31(10):771-780. doi: 10.1055/s-0040-1719136. Epub 2021 Feb 15.
The effect of context on speech processing has been studied using different speech materials and response criteria. The Repeat-Recall Test (RRT) evaluates listener performance using high context (HC) and low context (LC) sentences; this may offer another platform for studying context use (CU).
This article aims to evaluate if the RRT may be used to study how different signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs), hearing aid technologies (directional microphone and noise reduction), and listener working memory capacities (WMCs) interact to affect CU on the different measures of the RRT.
Double-blind, within-subject repeated measures design.
Nineteen listeners with a mild-to-moderately severe hearing loss.
The RRT was administered with participants wearing the study hearing aids under two microphone (omnidirectional vs. directional) by two noise reduction (on vs. off) conditions. Speech was presented from 0 degree at 75 dB sound pressure level and a continuous speech-shaped noise from 180 degrees at SNRs of 0, 5, 10, and 15 dB. The order of SNR and hearing aid conditions was counterbalanced across listeners. Each test condition was completed twice in two 2-hour sessions separated by 1 month.
CU was calculated as the difference between HC and LC sentence scores for each outcome measure (i.e., repeat, recall, listening effort, and tolerable time). For all outcome measures, repeated measures analyses of variance revealed that CU was significantly affected by the SNR of the test conditions. For repeat, recall, and listening effort measures, these effects were qualified by significant two-way interactions between SNR and microphone mode. In addition, the WMC group significantly affected CU during recall and rating of listening effort, the latter of which was qualified by an interaction between the WMC group and SNR. Listener WMC affected CU on estimates of tolerable time as qualified by significant two-way interactions between SNR and microphone mode.
The study supports use of the RRT as a tool for measuring how listeners use sentence context to aid in speech processing. The degree to which context influenced scores on each outcome measure of the RRT was found to depend on complex interactions between the SNR of the listening environment, hearing aid features, and the WMC of the listeners.
已经使用不同的语音材料和响应标准研究了语境对语音处理的影响。重复回忆测试（RRT）使用高语境（HC）和低语境（LC）句子评估听众的表现；这可能为研究语境使用（CU）提供另一个平台。
本文旨在评估 RRT 是否可用于研究不同信噪比（SNR）、助听器技术（定向麦克风和降噪）以及听众工作记忆能力（WMC）如何相互作用，以影响 RRT 不同测量值的 CU。
双盲、受试者内重复测量设计。
19 名轻度至中度听力损失的听众。
参与者佩戴研究助听器，在两种降噪（开/关）条件下，使用两种麦克风（全向与定向）进行 RRT 测试。语音从 0 度以 75 分贝声压级呈现，连续语音噪声从 180 度以 0、5、10 和 15 分贝的 SNR 呈现。SNR 和助听器条件的顺序在听众之间平衡。每个测试条件在两次 2 小时的会议中完成两次，间隔 1 个月。
CU 计算为每个结果测量（即重复、回忆、听力努力和可容忍时间）的 HC 和 LC 句子得分之间的差异。对于所有结果测量，重复测量方差分析显示 CU 显著受测试条件 SNR 的影响。对于重复、回忆和听力努力测量，这些影响由 SNR 和麦克风模式之间的显著双向相互作用限定。此外，WMC 组在回忆和听力努力评分时显著影响 CU，后者由 WMC 组和 SNR 之间的相互作用限定。WMC 组还通过 SNR 和麦克风模式之间的显著双向相互作用影响可容忍时间的估计值来影响 CU。
该研究支持使用 RRT 作为衡量听众如何利用句子语境辅助语音处理的工具。发现 RRT 每个结果测量的语境影响程度取决于听力环境 SNR、助听器特性以及听众 WMC 之间复杂的相互作用。
