Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, India.
Department of Botany, C.M.P. Degree College, A Constitute PG College of University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, India.
Plant Biol (Stuttg). 2021 May;23 Suppl 1:39-49. doi: 10.1111/plb.13246. Epub 2021 Apr 12.
The free radical nitric oxide (NO) and the phenolic phytohormone salicylic acid (SA) are signal molecules which exert key functions at biochemical and physiological levels. Abiotic stresses, especially in early plant development, impose the biggest threats to agricultural systems and crop yield. These stresses impair plant growth and subsequently cause a reduction in root development, affecting nutrient uptake and crop productivity. The molecules NO and SA have been identified as robust tools for efficiently mitigating the negative effects of abiotic stress in plants. SA is engaged in an array of tasks under adverse environmental situations. The function of NO depends on its cellular concentration; at a low level, it acts as a signal molecule, while at a high level, it triggers nitro-oxidative stress. The crosstalk between NO and SA involving different signalling molecules and regulatory factors modulate plant function during stressful situations. Crosstalk between these two signalling molecules induces plant tolerance to abiotic stress and needs further investigation. This review aims to highlight signalling aspects of NO and SA in higher plants and critically discusses the roles of these two molecules in alleviating abiotic stress.
自由基一氧化氮（NO）和酚类植物激素水杨酸（SA）是在生化和生理水平上发挥关键功能的信号分子。非生物胁迫，特别是在植物早期发育阶段，对农业系统和作物产量构成了最大的威胁。这些胁迫会损害植物的生长，随后导致根系发育不良，影响养分吸收和作物生产力。NO 和 SA 这两种分子已被确定为有效减轻植物非生物胁迫负面影响的有力工具。SA 在不利的环境情况下参与了一系列任务。NO 的功能取决于其细胞浓度；在低浓度下，它作为信号分子起作用，而在高浓度下，它会引发氮氧化应激。NO 和 SA 之间的串扰涉及不同的信号分子和调节因子，在胁迫情况下调节植物功能。这两种信号分子之间的串扰诱导植物对非生物胁迫的耐受性，需要进一步研究。本综述旨在强调高等植物中 NO 和 SA 的信号转导方面，并批判性地讨论这两种分子在缓解非生物胁迫方面的作用。
