Vos Teresa G, Dillon Margaret T, Buss Emily, Rooth Meredith A, Bucker Andrea L, Dillon Sarah, Pearson Adrienne, Quinones Kristen, Richter Margaret E, Roth Noelle, Young Allison, Dedmon Matthew M
Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, U.S.A.
Department of Audiology, UNC Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, U.S.A.
Laryngoscope. 2021 Jun;131(6):E2038-E2043. doi: 10.1002/lary.29447. Epub 2021 Feb 16.
The objectives were to characterize the effects of wearing face coverings on: 1) acoustic speech cues, and 2) speech recognition of patients with hearing loss who listen with a cochlear implant.
A prospective cohort study was performed in a tertiary referral center between July and September 2020. A female talker recorded sentences in three conditions: no face covering, N95 mask, and N95 mask plus a face shield. Spectral differences were analyzed between speech produced in each condition. The speech recognition in each condition for twenty-three adult patients with at least 6 months of cochlear implant use was assessed.
Spectral analysis demonstrated preferential attenuation of high-frequency speech information with the N95 mask plus face shield condition compared to the other conditions. Speech recognition did not differ significantly between the uncovered (median 90% [IQR 89%-94%]) and N95 mask conditions (91% [IQR 86%-94%]; P = .253); however, speech recognition was significantly worse in the N95 mask plus face shield condition (64% [IQR 48%-75%]) compared to the uncovered (P < .001) or N95 mask (P < .001) conditions.
The type and combination of protective face coverings used have differential effects on attenuation of speech information, influencing speech recognition of patients with hearing loss. In the face of the COVID-19 pandemic, there is a need to protect patients and clinicians from spread of disease while maximizing patient speech recognition. The disruptive effect of wearing a face shield in conjunction with a mask may prompt clinicians to consider alternative eye protection, such as goggles, in appropriate clinical situations.
3 Laryngoscope, 131:E2038-E2043, 2021.
本研究旨在探讨佩戴面罩对以下两方面的影响：1）声学语音线索；2）使用人工耳蜗的听力损失患者的语音识别能力。
2020年7月至9月，在一家三级转诊中心进行了一项前瞻性队列研究。一名女性说话者在三种条件下录制句子：不戴面罩、佩戴N95口罩、佩戴N95口罩加面罩。分析每种条件下产生的语音之间的频谱差异。评估了23名使用人工耳蜗至少6个月的成年患者在每种条件下的语音识别能力。
频谱分析表明，与其他条件相比，佩戴N95口罩加面罩时高频语音信息出现优先衰减。未戴面罩（中位数90%[四分位间距89%-94%]）和佩戴N95口罩（91%[四分位间距86%-94%]；P = 0.253）两种条件下的语音识别能力无显著差异；然而，与未戴面罩（P < 0.001）或佩戴N95口罩（P < 0.001）条件相比，佩戴N95口罩加面罩时的语音识别能力显著更差（64%[四分位间距48%-75%]）。
所使用的防护面罩的类型和组合对语音信息衰减有不同影响，进而影响听力损失患者的语音识别。面对新冠疫情，有必要在保护患者和临床医生免受疾病传播的同时，最大限度提高患者的语音识别能力。佩戴面罩加面罩对语音识别产生的干扰效应可能促使临床医生在适当的临床情况下考虑使用护目镜等替代眼部防护措施。
3 《喉镜》，2021年，第131卷，E2038-E2043页
