Institute for Parasitology, Centre for Infection Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hanover, Germany.
MSD Animal Health Innovation GmbH, Schwabenheim, Germany.
Parasit Vectors. 2021 Feb 16;14(1):110. doi: 10.1186/s13071-021-04610-y.
The feline lungworm Aelurostrongylus abstrusus affects the lower respiratory tract in cats worldwide. As infections may lead to chronic respiratory changes or even death, preventive treatment in cats with outdoor access is warranted.
The preventive efficacy of a spot-on solution (Bravecto® Plus spot-on solution for cats, MSD) against cat aelurostrongylosis was evaluated using three different preventive treatment regimes in a negative controlled, randomized and partially blinded laboratory efficacy study with 31 purposed-bred cats. The minimum recommended dose of 2.0 mg moxidectin + 40 mg fluralaner/kg bodyweight was applied once 12 (Group [G]1), 8 (G2) or 4 (G3) weeks before experimental infection with 300 third-stage larvae (L3) of A. abstrusus. Another group served as untreated control (G4). Individual faecal samples were analysed as of day 30 post infection (pi) to monitor larvae excretion. Necropsy was performed at days 47-50 pi. The lungs were examined macroscopically for pathological findings and (pre-)adult worms were counted to assess preventive efficacy.
Beginning at day 32-40 pi, all cats of the control group were constantly shedding larvae of A. abstrusus, whereas only one animal of G1 excreted larvae at several consecutive days. In addition, two cats of G1 and G3 and three of G2 were positive on a single occasion. The geometric mean (GM) of the maximum number of excreted larvae was 7574.29 in the control group compared to 1.10 (G1), 1.19 (G2) and 0.53 (G3), resulting in a GM reduction of > 99.9% in all treatment groups. All lungs of the control animals showed severe or very severe alterations at necropsy, while in 94.44% of the treated cats lung pathology was rated as absent or mild. The GM number of (pre-)adult A. abstrusus retrieved from the lungs was 26.57 in the control group, 0.09 in G1 and 0.00 in G2 and G3. Thus, GM worm count reduction was 99.66% in G1 and 100% in G2 and G3.
A single application of Bravecto® Plus spot-on solution at a dose of 2.0 mg moxidectin + 40 mg fluralaner/kg bodyweight reliably prevents cat aelurostrongylosis for at least 12 weeks.
猫肺线虫 Aelurostrongylus abstrusus 影响全球猫的下呼吸道。由于感染可能导致慢性呼吸道变化甚至死亡，因此有必要对有户外活动的猫进行预防性治疗。
在一项阴性对照、随机和部分盲法的实验室功效研究中，使用三种不同的预防性治疗方案，评估了一种局部溶液（Bravecto® Plus 猫用局部溶液，MSD）对猫肺线虫病的预防功效。使用 31 只特定繁殖的猫，每 2.0 毫克莫昔克丁+40 毫克氟拉纳伦/公斤体重的最低推荐剂量，在实验感染 300 条第三期幼虫（L3）A. abstrusus 前 12 周（G1）、8 周（G2）或 4 周（G3）进行一次预防性治疗。另一组作为未治疗对照组（G4）。从感染后第 30 天（pi）开始分析个体粪便样本，以监测幼虫排泄情况。在感染后第 47-50 天进行尸检。检查肺部的病理发现并计数（预）成虫以评估预防效果。
从第 32-40 天 pi 开始，对照组的所有猫都持续排出 A. abstrusus 的幼虫，而只有 G1 的一只猫在几天内连续排出幼虫。此外，G1 和 G3 的两只猫和 G2 的三只猫偶尔也会出现阳性。对照组最大幼虫排泄数量的几何平均值（GM）为 7574.29，而 G1 为 1.10，G2 为 1.19，G3 为 0.53，所有治疗组的 GM 减少均超过 99.9%。对照组所有肺部在尸检时均显示严重或非常严重的改变，而在接受治疗的猫中，94.44%的肺部病理学评为无或轻度。对照组从肺部中回收的（预）成虫 A. abstrusus 的 GM 数量为 26.57，G1 为 0.09，G2 和 G3 为 0.00。因此，G1 的 GM 虫数减少了 99.66%，G2 和 G3 的 GM 虫数减少了 100%。
每 2.0 毫克莫昔克丁+40 毫克氟拉纳伦/公斤体重的剂量，单次使用 Bravecto® Plus 局部溶液可可靠预防猫肺线虫病至少 12 周。
