Vendramini Thiago H A, Macedo Henrique T, Zafalon Rafael V A, Macegoza Matheus V, Pedrinelli Vivian, Risolia Larissa W, Ocampos Fernanda M M, Jeremias Juliana T, Pontieri Cristiana F F, Ferriolli Eduardo, Colnago Luiz A, Brunetto Marcio A
Pet Nutrology Research Center, Department of Animal Nutrition and Production, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo (USP), 225, Avenida Duque de Caxias Norte, Pirassununga, São Paulo, 13635-900, Brazil.
Veterinary Nutrology Service, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, 13635-900, Brazil.
Metabolomics. 2021 Feb 16;17(3):27. doi: 10.1007/s11306-020-01753-4.
The study of metabolic profile can be an important tool to better understand, at a systemic level, metabolic alterations caused by different pathological conditions, such as obesity. Furthermore, it allows the discovery of metabolic biomarkers, which may help to diagnose alterations caused by obesity.
To investigate the metabolic profile of blood serum of obese dogs, control dogs, and dogs that were subjected to a weight loss program.
Ten obese adult spayed female dogs were included, and their body composition was determined by the deuterium isotope dilution method. The dogs were subjected to a weight loss program and formed a new experimental group after losing 20% of the initial body weight. A third experimental group was composed of ten lean adult spayed female dogs. The metabolic profile of blood serum was evaluated through nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Principal Component Analyses (PCA) and Orthogonal Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (OPLS-DA) models were constructed using Pareto scaling pre-processing. Pathway analysis was also performed using the MetaboAnalist online tool.
The PCA shows that the control and after weight loss groups presented a trend to negative PC1, indicating similarities between these two groups. In contrast, obese animals presented a tendency to appear on negative PC2 indicating a different metabolic profile. The OPLS-DA analysis of the serum indicated that healthy groups presented higher content of glucose, while animals that lost weight had higher levels of cholesterol and lactate than the control group. On the other hand, the analysis showed that lipid content, cholesterol, and branched-chain amino acids were highest in obese animals. Variable Influence on Projection (VIP) analysis demonstrated that Lactate is the most important metabolite for the OPLS-DA model and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) corroborated the similarity between the control group and the obese after weight loss groups. Moreover, the pathway analysis indicated the most important metabolic pathways related to this dataset.
The metabolomic assessment based on NMR of blood serum differed between obese dogs and animals in optimal body condition. Moreover, the weight loss resulted in metabolic profiles similar to those observed in lean animals.
代谢谱研究可以成为一个重要工具，从系统层面更好地理解由不同病理状况（如肥胖症）引起的代谢改变。此外，它还能发现代谢生物标志物，这可能有助于诊断肥胖症引起的改变。
研究肥胖犬、对照犬以及接受减肥计划的犬的血清代谢谱。
纳入十只成年绝育肥胖雌性犬，通过氘同位素稀释法测定其身体成分。这些犬接受减肥计划，在体重减轻初始体重的20%后形成一个新的实验组。第三个实验组由十只成年绝育瘦雌性犬组成。通过核磁共振（NMR）评估血清代谢谱。使用帕累托缩放预处理构建主成分分析（PCA）和正交偏最小二乘判别分析（OPLS-DA）模型。还使用在线工具MetaboAnalist进行通路分析。
PCA显示，对照组和减肥后组呈现出PC1为负的趋势，表明这两组之间存在相似性。相比之下，肥胖动物呈现出在PC2为负时出现的趋势，表明代谢谱不同。血清的OPLS-DA分析表明，健康组的葡萄糖含量较高，而减肥动物的胆固醇和乳酸水平高于对照组。另一方面，分析表明肥胖动物的脂质含量、胆固醇和支链氨基酸最高。投影变量影响（VIP）分析表明，乳酸是OPLS-DA模型中最重要的代谢物，层次聚类分析（HCA）证实了对照组与减肥后肥胖组之间的相似性。此外，通路分析指出了与该数据集相关的最重要代谢途径。
基于血清NMR的代谢组学评估在肥胖犬和身体状况最佳的动物之间存在差异。此外，减肥导致的代谢谱与瘦动物中观察到的相似。
