Endemic Disease Control Center, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin150081, People's Republic of China.
School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA70001, USA.
Br J Nutr. 2021 Dec 28;126(12):1852-1860. doi: 10.1017/S0007114521000593. Epub 2021 Feb 18.
Epidemiological studies have focused on the effects of iodine intake on the risk of thyroid cancer. However, their relationship is still obscure. The objective of the present study was to examine the association in the Chinese population. A new ecological study which combined the Data of Annual Report of Cancer, the Survey of Iodine Deficiency Disorders (IDD) surveillance and the Water Iodine Survey was conducted to analyse the relationship between iodine intake and the thyroid cancer incidence in China. In total, 281 counties were included. Thyroid cancer incidence was negatively correlated with the consumption rate of qualified iodised salt (CRQIS) and positively correlated with goiter prevalence (GP) of children aged 8-10 years, residents' annual income and coastal status. Areas with a low CRQIS and areas with a high GP had a relatively high incidence of thyroid cancer. Regression models showed that a low CRQIS and a high GP in children aged 8-10 years (both reflecting iodine deficiency status) play a substantial role in thyroid cancer incidence in both males and females. Additionally, living in coastal areas and having a high annual income may also increase the risk of thyroid cancer. These findings suggest that mild iodine deficiency may contribute to the exceptionally high incidence of thyroid cancer in some areas in China. Maintaining appropriate iodine nutrition not only helps to eliminate IDD but also may help to reduce the occurrence of thyroid cancer.
流行病学研究主要集中在碘摄入量对甲状腺癌风险的影响上。然而，它们之间的关系仍然不清楚。本研究的目的是在中国人群中检验这种相关性。本研究采用新的生态学研究方法，结合癌症年度报告数据、碘缺乏病（IDD）监测调查和水碘调查数据，分析了中国碘摄入量与甲状腺癌发病率之间的关系。共纳入了 281 个县。甲状腺癌发病率与合格碘盐食用率（CRQIS）呈负相关，与 8-10 岁儿童甲状腺肿患病率（GP）、居民年收入和沿海状况呈正相关。CRQIS 较低和儿童 8-10 岁 GP 较高的地区甲状腺癌发病率相对较高。回归模型表明，8-10 岁儿童的低 CRQIS 和高 GP（均反映碘缺乏状况）对男性和女性的甲状腺癌发病率都有重要作用。此外，生活在沿海地区和收入较高也可能增加患甲状腺癌的风险。这些发现表明，轻度碘缺乏可能导致中国一些地区甲状腺癌发病率异常高。维持适当的碘营养不仅有助于消除碘缺乏病，还可能有助于减少甲状腺癌的发生。
