Vosburg Suzanne K, Robbins Rebekkah S, Antshel Kevin M, Faraone Stephen V, Green Jody L
Inflexxion, An IBH Company, Costa Mesa, CA, United States.
Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, United States.
Front Psychiatry. 2021 Jan 25;11:631792. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.631792. eCollection 2020.
Prescription stimulant non-medical use (NMU) is a national predicament. While the risks of prescription stimulant NMU have been considered, less is known about non-oral use. To focus on this gap, a sample of adults with non-oral prescription stimulant NMU within the last 5-years was recruited. The purpose of the present study was to characterize the pathways and substance transitions associated with prescription stimulant NMU and non-oral prescription stimulant NMU in this unique sample of adults. Adults ( = 225) reporting non-oral prescription stimulant NMU within the last 5 years were recruited to complete an online survey by banner ads placed on the Reddit website between February and September 2019. After completion of the survey, a second study consisting of an in-depth telephone interview was conducted with 23 participants: interviews took place between July and September 2019. Data reported here include substance, route of administration and class transitions, as well as qualitative data from the interviews. Approximately 1 in 5 began their substance use trajectory with prescription stimulants (19.1%). Other than marijuana, most exposures to illicit substances occurred after both initial prescription stimulant NMU and initial non-oral prescription stimulant NMU. The most frequently reported route of administration transition was from oral use to snorting ( = 158, 70.2%), however, other route of administration transitions included oral use to injection drug use ( = 14, 6%). In-depth interviews elaborated upon these transitions and indicated that prescription stimulant NMU was consequential to substance use pathways. Oral prescription stimulant NMU was a precursor to non-oral prescription stimulant NMU. Non-oral prescription stimulant NMU was a precursor to illicit substance use, suggesting that prescription stimulant NMU impacts substance use pathways and revealing opportunities for intervention.
处方兴奋剂的非医疗用途（NMU）是一个全国性的难题。虽然已经考虑到了处方兴奋剂非医疗用途的风险，但对于非口服使用的情况了解较少。为了关注这一差距，招募了一组在过去5年内有非口服处方兴奋剂非医疗用途的成年人样本。本研究的目的是在这个独特的成年人群体样本中，描述与处方兴奋剂非医疗用途和非口服处方兴奋剂非医疗用途相关的途径和物质转变情况。通过2019年2月至9月在Reddit网站上投放的横幅广告，招募了在过去5年内报告有非口服处方兴奋剂非医疗用途的成年人（n = 225）来完成一项在线调查。在调查完成后，对23名参与者进行了第二项研究，即深入的电话访谈：访谈于2019年7月至9月进行。这里报告的数据包括物质、给药途径和类别转变，以及访谈中的定性数据。大约五分之一的人以处方兴奋剂开始其物质使用轨迹（19.1%）。除大麻外，大多数非法物质暴露发生在初次处方兴奋剂非医疗用途和初次非口服处方兴奋剂非医疗用途之后。最常报告的给药途径转变是从口服到鼻吸（n = 158，70.2%），然而，其他给药途径转变包括从口服到注射吸毒（n = 14，6%）。深入访谈详细阐述了这些转变，并表明处方兴奋剂非医疗用途对物质使用途径有影响。口服处方兴奋剂非医疗用途是非口服处方兴奋剂非医疗用途的先兆。非口服处方兴奋剂非医疗用途是非法物质使用的先兆，这表明处方兴奋剂非医疗用途影响物质使用途径，并揭示了干预的机会。
