Behavioural Neuroscience Unit, Neuropharmacology Subdivision, Department of Pharmacology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria.
Behavioural Neuroscience Unit, Neurobiology Subdivision, Department of Anatomy, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomosho, Oyo State, Nigeria.
CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets. 2021;20(4):343-365. doi: 10.2174/1871527320666210218082954.
Parkinson's Disease (PD) is characterised by degeneration of the neurons of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathway of the brain. The pharmacological cornerstone of PD management is mainly the use of dopamine precursors, dopamine receptor agonists, and agents that inhibit the biochemical degradation of dopamine. While these drugs initially provide relief to the symptoms and improve the quality of life of the patients, progression of the underlying pathological processes, such as oxidative stress and neuroinflammation (which have been strongly associated with PD and other neurodegenerative disorders), eventually reduce their benefits, making further benefits achievable, only at high doses due to which the magnitude and frequency of side-effects are amplified. Also, while it is becoming obvious that mainstream pharmacological agents may not always provide the much-needed answer, the question remains what succour can nature provide through dietary supplements, nutraceuticals and herbal remedies? This narrative review examines current literature for evidence of the possible roles (if any) of nutraceuticals, dietary supplements and herbal remedies in the prevention or management of PD by examining how these compounds could modulate key factors and pathways that are crucial to the pathogenesis and/or progression of PD. The likely limitations of this approach and its possible future roles in PD prevention and management are also considered.
帕金森病（PD）的特征是大脑黑质纹状体多巴胺能神经元的退化。PD 管理的药理学基石主要是使用多巴胺前体、多巴胺受体激动剂和抑制多巴胺生化降解的药物。虽然这些药物最初可以缓解症状并提高患者的生活质量，但潜在的病理过程（如氧化应激和神经炎症）的进展，最终会降低其疗效，只有在高剂量下才能获得进一步的疗效，而副作用的幅度和频率也会放大。此外，尽管越来越明显的是，主流的药理学药物可能并不总是能提供急需的答案，但问题仍然是，通过饮食补充剂、营养保健品和草药疗法，大自然能提供什么样的帮助？本综述通过检查这些化合物如何调节对 PD 的发病机制和/或进展至关重要的关键因素和途径，研究了营养保健品、饮食补充剂和草药疗法在预防或管理 PD 中的可能作用（如果有）。还考虑了这种方法的可能局限性及其在 PD 预防和管理中的未来作用。
