Power Brian T, Kiezebrink Kirsty, Allan Julia L, Campbell Marion K
Department of Health and Nutritional Sciences, Institute of Technology Sligo, F91 YW50, Sligo, Republic of Ireland.
Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, Scotland, UK.
Pilot Feasibility Stud. 2021 Feb 18;7(1):53. doi: 10.1186/s40814-021-00789-0.
There is a critical need for an intervention to improve nurses' eating and physical activity behaviours. As nurses spend a substantial proportion of their waking hours at work, concerted efforts to deliver such interventions in the workplace is growing. This study formed part of a multiphase programme of research that aimed to systematically develop an evidence-based and theory-informed workplace intervention to promote changes in eating and physical activity among nurses.
The intervention was developed iteratively, in line with Medical Research Council complex intervention guidelines. It involved four activities: (1) identifying the evidence base, (2) understanding the determinants of nurses' eating and physical activity behaviour change through theory-based qualitative interviews and survey, (3) identifying intervention options using the Behaviour Change Wheel, and (4) specifying intervention content and implementation options using a taxonomy of behaviour change techniques.
Data from 13 randomised controlled trials indicated that workplace-based behaviour change interventions targeted to this population are effective in changing behaviour. The evidence base was, however, limited in quantity and quality. Nurses' beliefs about important factors determining their eating and physical activity behaviour were identified across 16 qualitative interviews and 245 survey responses, and key determinants included environmental context and resources, behavioural regulation, emotion, beliefs about consequences, knowledge and optimism. Based on these findings, 22 behaviour change techniques suitable for targeting the identified determinants were identified and combined into a potential workplace intervention.
An evidence-based and theory-informed intervention tailored to the target population and setting has been explicitly conceptualised using a systematic approach. The proposed intervention addresses previous evidence gaps for the user population of nurses. Further to this, such an intervention, if implemented, has the potential to impact nurses' eating and physical activity behaviours and in turn, the health of nurses and the quality of healthcare delivery.
迫切需要一种干预措施来改善护士的饮食和身体活动行为。由于护士在工作中度过了相当一部分清醒时间，因此在工作场所协同开展此类干预措施的努力日益增加。本研究是一项多阶段研究计划的一部分，该计划旨在系统地开发一种基于证据且理论依据充分的工作场所干预措施，以促进护士饮食和身体活动的改变。
该干预措施是根据医学研究理事会复杂干预指南迭代开发的。它包括四项活动：（1）确定证据基础；（2）通过基于理论的定性访谈和调查了解护士饮食和身体活动行为改变的决定因素；（3）使用行为改变轮确定干预选项；（4）使用行为改变技术分类法确定干预内容和实施选项。
来自13项随机对照试验的数据表明，针对该人群的基于工作场所的行为改变干预措施在改变行为方面是有效的。然而，证据基础在数量和质量上都有限。通过16次定性访谈和245份调查回复，确定了护士对决定其饮食和身体活动行为的重要因素的看法，关键决定因素包括环境背景和资源、行为调节、情绪、对后果的信念、知识和乐观态度。基于这些发现，确定了22种适合针对已确定决定因素的行为改变技术，并将其组合成一种潜在的工作场所干预措施。
已使用系统方法明确构思了一种针对目标人群和环境的基于证据且理论依据充分的干预措施。拟议的干预措施弥补了护士用户群体先前的证据空白。此外，这样的干预措施如果实施，有可能影响护士的饮食和身体活动行为，进而影响护士的健康和医疗服务质量。
