Discipline of Medical Biochemistry, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
Crit Rev Toxicol. 2021 Jan;51(1):76-94. doi: 10.1080/10408444.2021.1881040. Epub 2021 Feb 19.
Fumonisin B (FB) is a natural contaminant of agricultural commodities that has displayed a myriad of toxicities in animals. Moreover, it is known to be a hepatorenal carcinogen in rodents and may be associated with oesophageal and hepatocellular carcinomas in humans. The most well elucidated mode of FB-mediated toxicity is its disruption of sphingolipid metabolism; however, enhanced oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, autophagy, and alterations in immune response may also play a role in its toxicity and carcinogenicity. Alterations to the host epigenome may impact on the toxic and carcinogenic response to FB. Seeing that the contamination of FB in food poses a considerable risk to human and animal health, a great deal of research has focused on new methods to prevent and attenuate FB-induced toxic consequences. The focus of the present review is on the molecular and epigenetic interactions of FB as well as recent research involving FB detoxification.
伏马菌素 B(FB)是一种天然存在于农产品中的污染物,在动物中表现出多种毒性。此外,它已知是啮齿动物的肝、肾致癌物,可能与人类的食管癌和肝细胞癌有关。FB 介导的毒性最被充分阐明的模式是其对鞘脂代谢的破坏;然而,增强的氧化应激、内质网应激、自噬以及免疫反应的改变也可能在其毒性和致癌性中发挥作用。宿主表观基因组的改变可能会影响对 FB 的毒性和致癌反应。鉴于 FB 在食品中的污染对人类和动物健康构成了相当大的风险,因此大量研究集中在预防和减轻 FB 诱导的毒性后果的新方法上。本综述的重点是 FB 的分子和表观遗传相互作用以及最近涉及 FB 解毒的研究。