Department of Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1 Matieland, 7602, South Africa.
Department of Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1 Matieland, 7602, South Africa | Department of Internal Medicine, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1 Matieland, 7602, South Africa.
Curr Med Chem. 2021;28(41):8534-8548. doi: 10.2174/0929867328666210219142737.
There is a causal relationship between cancer (including colorectal cancer), chronic systemic inflammation and persistent infections, and the presence of dysregulated circulating inflammatory markers. It is known that aberrant clot formation and coagulopathies occur in systemic inflammation. In colorectal cancer, there is a close link between gut dysbiosis and an inflammatory profile. In this review, we present evidence of the connection between gut dysbiosis, the entry of bacteria into the internal environment, and the presence of their highly potent inflammagenic molecules, such as lipopolysaccharide and lipoteichoic acid, in circulation. These bacterial components may act as one of the main drivers of the inflammatory process (including hypercoagulation) in colorectal cancer. We review literature that points to the role of these bacterial inflammagens and how they contribute to colorectal carcinogenesis. Insight into the factors that promote carcinogenesis is crucial to effectively prevent and screen for colorectal cancer. Early diagnosis of an activated coagulation system and the detection of bacterial components in circulation and also in the tumour microenvironment, could therefore be important, and may also, together with modulation of the gut microbiota, serve as potential therapeutic targets.
癌症（包括结直肠癌）、慢性系统性炎症和持续性感染之间存在因果关系，同时还存在循环炎症标志物失调的情况。众所周知，系统性炎症会导致异常的血栓形成和凝血病。在结直肠癌中，肠道菌群失调与炎症特征之间存在密切联系。在这篇综述中，我们提出了肠道菌群失调、细菌进入内部环境以及它们在循环中存在高活性炎症原分子（如脂多糖和脂磷壁酸）之间的联系的证据。这些细菌成分可能是结直肠癌炎症过程（包括高凝状态）的主要驱动因素之一。我们综述了文献，指出了这些细菌炎症原的作用以及它们如何促成结直肠癌的发生。深入了解促进癌变的因素对于有效预防和筛查结直肠癌至关重要。因此，早期诊断激活的凝血系统以及在循环中以及肿瘤微环境中检测到细菌成分可能非常重要，并且与调节肠道微生物群一起，也可能成为潜在的治疗靶点。
