Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Mar 16;23(6):3204. doi: 10.3390/ijms23063204.
Leaky gut syndrome is a medical condition characterized by intestinal hyperpermeability. Since the intestinal barrier is one of the essential components maintaining homeostasis along the gastrointestinal tract, loss of its integrity due to changes in bacterial composition, decreased expression levels of tight junction proteins, and increased concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines may lead to intestinal hyperpermeability followed by the development of gastrointestinal and non-gastrointestinal diseases. Translocation of microorganisms and their toxic metabolites beyond the gastrointestinal tract is one of the fallouts of the leaky gut syndrome. The presence of intestinal bacteria in sterile tissues and distant organs may cause damage due to chronic inflammation and progression of disorders, including inflammatory bowel diseases, liver cirrhosis, and acute pancreatitis. Currently, there are no medical guidelines for the treatment or prevention of bacterial translocation in patients with the leaky gut syndrome; however, several studies suggest that dietary intervention can improve barrier function and restrict bacteria invasion. This review contains current literature data concerning the influence of diet, dietary supplements, probiotics, and drugs on intestinal permeability and bacterial translocation.
肠漏综合征是一种以肠道通透性增加为特征的医学病症。由于肠道屏障是维持胃肠道内环境稳定的重要组成部分之一，因此，由于细菌组成的改变、紧密连接蛋白表达水平降低以及促炎细胞因子浓度增加导致其完整性丧失，可能会导致肠道通透性增加，进而引发胃肠道和非胃肠道疾病。微生物及其有毒代谢物的易位是肠漏综合征的后果之一。肠道细菌在无菌组织和远处器官中的存在可能会由于慢性炎症和疾病进展而导致损伤，这些疾病包括炎症性肠病、肝硬化和急性胰腺炎。目前，对于肠漏综合征患者的细菌易位，尚无医学指南用于治疗或预防；然而，有几项研究表明，饮食干预可以改善屏障功能并限制细菌入侵。这篇综述包含了关于饮食、膳食补充剂、益生菌和药物对肠道通透性和细菌易位影响的最新文献数据。
