Department of Agronomy & Center for Intensive Mediterranean Agrosystems and Agri-food Biotechnology (CIAIMBITAL), University of Almeria, E-04120 Almería, Spain.
CEBAS-CSIC, Department of Soil and Water Conservation, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, E-30100, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 Jun 20;774:145693. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145693. Epub 2021 Feb 6.
The selection of a suitable organic amendment for recovery of semi-arid soils degraded by mining is key to the success of an ecological restoration. The aim of this research is to study the short-term responses of physicochemical, biochemical and biological properties, as well as the changes of a soil bacterial community at the genus level after application of five types of organic amendments in a limestone quarry in Almería (SE, Spain). The relationship among bacterial taxa with biochemical and physicochemical properties and priming effect from restored soils was also analysed. Six months after the application of organic amendments, the values of different soil status, such as total organic carbon, total nitrogen, assimilable phosphorus and labile organic matter forms (carbohydrates and polyphenols), basal respiration (BR) and enzymatic activities increased significantly with respect to unrestored soils. Similarly, a positive priming effect of soil organic matter mineralisation was produced by all organic amendments, being significantly higher (p < 0.05) in sewage sludge-treated soils. Bacterial diversity was higher in restored than in control soils. The restoration caused changes in soil bacterial communities' composition at the phylum and genus levels. It was observed that soil bacterial communities were significantly related to several physical, chemical and biochemical soil properties, establishing two different co-occurrence patterns between restored and unrestored soils. A first bacterial co-occurrence pattern showed significant positive correlations to pH and C/N ratio and negativity with the rest of the soil properties. The second bacterial pattern was positively correlated with carbohydrates, μg of C, priming effect, BR, β-glucosidase and phosphatase and negatively with pH and C/N ratio. It was concluded that soil bacterial communities are clearly influenced by the types of organic amendments applied. Bacterial taxa such as Taibaiella or Pseudomonas could perform key functions in the carbon cycle in restored soils.
选择适合的有机改良剂对于恢复因采矿而退化的半干旱土壤至关重要。本研究旨在研究在西班牙阿尔梅里亚（SE）一个石灰岩采石场中应用五种有机改良剂后，土壤理化生化和生物学特性的短期响应，以及土壤细菌群落属水平的变化。还分析了与生化和理化特性以及恢复土壤的激发效应相关的细菌分类群之间的关系。在应用有机改良剂六个月后，与未恢复土壤相比，不同土壤状况（如总有机碳、总氮、可同化磷和易分解有机物质形式（碳水化合物和多酚）、基础呼吸（BR）和酶活性）的值显著增加。同样，所有有机改良剂都对土壤有机质矿化产生了积极的激发效应，在污泥处理土壤中，这种效应显著更高（p<0.05）。恢复后的土壤中细菌多样性高于对照土壤。恢复导致土壤细菌群落组成在门和属水平上发生变化。观察到土壤细菌群落与几种物理、化学和生化土壤特性显著相关，在恢复和未恢复土壤之间建立了两种不同的共同发生模式。第一个细菌共同发生模式与 pH 值和 C/N 比呈显著正相关，与其余土壤特性呈负相关。第二个细菌模式与碳水化合物、μg C、激发效应、BR、β-葡萄糖苷酶和磷酸酶呈正相关，与 pH 值和 C/N 比呈负相关。研究结论认为，土壤细菌群落明显受到所施加的有机改良剂类型的影响。像太白菌或假单胞菌这样的细菌分类群可能在恢复土壤的碳循环中发挥关键作用。
