Ramachandran Tayaallen, Faruque Mohammad Rashed Iqbal, Islam Mohammad Tariqul
Space Science Center (ANGKASA), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
Sci Rep. 2021 Feb 19;11(1):4270. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-83715-x.
This study explores the effect of symmetrical square shaped metamaterial design for microwave frequency applications. The latest technology demands of advanced performance and research studies of metamaterial integration in the related bands are increasing tremendously. Therefore, this motivates us to explore the metamaterial design structure that has a high possibility to be applied in more than two resonance bands using a compact design structure. This study emphasis on a compact 14 × 14 mm and 1.524 mm thick substrate material known as Rogers RT6002. Seven distinct square shaped metamaterial (SQM) rings were constructed on the substrate material to achieve the goal of this research study. Besides that, the investigations of the metamaterial electromagnetic properties and effective medium parameters were carried out by utilising the Computer Simulation Technology Microwave Studio (CST) software. According to the numerical simulation results, the proposed SQM unit cell manifested quintuple resonance frequencies precisely at 3.384 (S band), 5.436, 7.002 (C band), 11.664 (X band), and 17.838 GHz (Ku band). Meanwhile, for the validation process, the comparison between the simulation and measurement results was analysed and data showed that the first and third resonance frequencies were increased by 0.336 and 0.139 GHz, respectively while other frequencies were reduced by 0.186, 0.081, and 0.709 GHz in sequential order. The numerical simulation of the metamaterial design was conducted in a High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) to further validate the results. Furthermore, the proposed SQM manifested left handed characteristics at the second to fifth resonance bands. In a nutshell, the SQM successfully achieves the objectives of this research work and can be applied to multi band applications.
本研究探讨了对称方形超材料设计在微波频率应用中的效果。先进性能的最新技术需求以及超材料在相关频段集成的研究正在急剧增加。因此，这促使我们探索一种超材料设计结构，该结构极有可能使用紧凑的设计结构应用于两个以上的谐振频段。本研究重点关注一种紧凑的14×14毫米、厚1.524毫米的基板材料，即罗杰斯RT6002。在该基板材料上构建了七个不同的方形超材料（SQM）环，以实现本研究的目标。此外，利用计算机模拟技术微波工作室（CST）软件对超材料的电磁特性和有效介质参数进行了研究。根据数值模拟结果，所提出的SQM单元胞在3.384（S波段）、5.436、7.002（C波段）、11.664（X波段）和17.838吉赫兹（Ku波段）精确表现出五重谐振频率。同时，在验证过程中，对模拟结果和测量结果进行了比较分析，数据显示第一和第三谐振频率分别增加了0.336吉赫兹和0.139吉赫兹，而其他频率依次降低了0.186吉赫兹、0.081吉赫兹和0.709吉赫兹。在高频结构模拟器（HFSS）中对超材料设计进行了数值模拟以进一步验证结果。此外，所提出的SQM在第二至第五谐振频段表现出左手特性。简而言之，SQM成功实现了本研究工作的目标，可应用于多频段应用。
