Proverbio Alice Mado
Milan Center for Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
J Neurosci Res. 2023 May;101(5):730-738. doi: 10.1002/jnr.24787. Epub 2021 Feb 20.
Many studies have reported sex differences in empathy and social skills. In this review, several lines of empirical evidences about sex differences in functions and anatomy of social brain are discussed. The most relevant differences involve face processing, facial expression recognition, response to baby schema, the ability to see faces in things, the processing of social interactions, the response to the others' pain, interest in social information, processing of gestures and actions, biological motion, erotic, and affective stimuli. Sex differences in oxytocin-based parental response are also reported. In conclusion, the female and male brains show several neuro-functional differences in various aspects of social cognition, and especially in emotional coding, face processing, and response to baby schema. An interpretation of this sexual dimorphism is provided in the view of evolutionary psychobiology.
许多研究报告了共情和社交技能方面的性别差异。在本综述中，讨论了关于社交大脑功能和解剖结构中性别差异的几类实证证据。最相关的差异涉及面部处理、面部表情识别、对婴儿图式的反应、从物体中识别面部的能力、社交互动的处理、对他人疼痛的反应、对社交信息的兴趣、手势和动作的处理、生物运动、色情和情感刺激。还报告了基于催产素的父母反应中的性别差异。总之，女性和男性大脑在社会认知的各个方面，尤其是在情绪编码、面部处理和对婴儿图式的反应方面，表现出几种神经功能差异。从进化心理生物学的角度对这种性别二态性进行了解释。
