Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Republic of Korea; Department of Nursing, Chungbuk National University, Republic of Korea.
Department of Nursing, Chungbuk National University, Republic of Korea.
Asian Nurs Res (Korean Soc Nurs Sci). 2021 May;15(2):150-156. doi: 10.1016/j.anr.2021.02.004. Epub 2021 Feb 17.
A safe and effective hemostatic care is necessary after bone marrow examination to minimize bleeding, pain, and discomfort. However, a standardized hemostatic care protocol following bone marrow examination has not been established. The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in bleeding, hematoma, pain, and discomfort by the hemostatic method used following bone marrow examination.
This study was carried out with a pre-test/post-test nonequivalent control group design. Sixty-four patients undergoing bone marrow examination at the hemato-oncology ward in a tertiary hospital in South Korea were assigned to an intervention (n = 30) and comparison group (n = 34). The intervention group was treated using a compression dressing alone, while the comparison group received a compression dressing followed by sandbag compression. Both groups received two hours of bedrest. Bleeding, hematoma, pain, and discomfort were measured at one and two hours after the biopsy.
No significant differences in the occurrence of bleeding between the groups at one and two hours after bone marrow examination were observed, and no participant developed hematoma. The intervention group had significantly lower pain than the comparison group two hours after the bone marrow examination as well as lower discomfort one hour and two hours after the bone marrow examination (p < .05).
Applying only compression dressing after a bone marrow examination is effective in reducing pain and discomfort without measurable differences in bleeding and hematoma, suggesting that compression dressings alone could be effective in lowering pain and discomfort following bone marrow examination.
骨髓检查后需要安全有效的止血护理，以最大程度地减少出血、疼痛和不适。然而，尚未建立标准化的骨髓检查后止血护理方案。本研究旨在探讨不同的止血方法对骨髓检查后出血、血肿、疼痛和不适的影响。
本研究采用预试验/后试验非等效对照组设计进行。韩国一家三级医院血液肿瘤科的 64 名接受骨髓检查的患者被分为干预组（n=30）和对照组（n=34）。干预组单独使用压迫敷料治疗，对照组在使用压迫敷料后再使用沙袋压迫。两组均卧床休息 2 小时。在活检后 1 小时和 2 小时测量出血、血肿、疼痛和不适。
骨髓检查后 1 小时和 2 小时，两组出血的发生率无显著差异，且无患者发生血肿。与对照组相比，干预组在骨髓检查后 2 小时疼痛明显减轻，在骨髓检查后 1 小时和 2 小时不适程度也明显降低（p<0.05）。
骨髓检查后仅使用压迫敷料可有效减轻疼痛和不适，而在出血和血肿方面无明显差异，表明压迫敷料单独使用可能有助于降低骨髓检查后的疼痛和不适。
