He Guangyu, Mustahsan Vamiq M, Bielski Michael R, Kao Imin, Khan Fazel A
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
Center for Biotechnology, Stony Brook University, NY, USA.
J Orthop. 2021 Jan 30;23:227-232. doi: 10.1016/j.jor.2021.01.010. eCollection 2021 Jan-Feb.
Computer- and robotic-assisted technologies have recently been introduced into orthopedic surgery to improve accuracy. Each requires intraoperative "bone registration," but existing methods are time consuming, often inaccurate, and/or require bulky and costly equipment that produces substantial radiation.
We developed a novel method of bone registration using a compact 3D structured light surface scanner that can scan thousands of points simultaneously without any ionizing radiation.Visible light is projected in a specific pattern onto a 3 × 3 cm area of exposed bone, which deforms the pattern in a way determined by the local bone geometry. A quantitative analysis reconstructs this local geometry and compares it to the preoperative imaging, thereby effecting rapid bone registration.A registration accuracy study using our novel method was conducted on 24 CT-scanned femur Sawbones®. We simulated exposures typically seen during knee/hip arthroplasty and common bone tumor resections. The registration accuracy of our technique was quantified by measuring the discrepancy of known points (i.e., pre-drilled holes) on the bone.
Our technique demonstrated a registration accuracy of 0.44 ± 0.22 mm. This compared favorably with literature-reported values of 0.68 ± 0.14 mm (-value = 0.001) for the paired-point technique and 0.86 ± 0.38 mm for the intraoperative CT based techniques (not enough reported data to calculate -value).
We have developed a novel method of bone registration for computer and robotic-assisted surgery using 3D surface scanning technology that is rapid, compact, and radiation-free. We have demonstrated increased accuracy compared to existing methods (using historical controls).
计算机辅助和机器人辅助技术最近已被引入骨科手术以提高准确性。每种技术都需要术中“骨配准”，但现有方法耗时、往往不准确，和/或需要笨重且昂贵的设备，还会产生大量辐射。
我们开发了一种使用紧凑型三维结构光表面扫描仪的新型骨配准方法，该扫描仪可以同时扫描数千个点，且不产生任何电离辐射。可见光以特定模式投射到3×3平方厘米的暴露骨区域，该区域会根据局部骨几何形状使图案发生变形。定量分析重建该局部几何形状并将其与术前成像进行比较，从而实现快速骨配准。我们使用这种新方法对24个CT扫描的股骨Sawbones®进行了配准准确性研究。我们模拟了膝关节/髋关节置换术和常见骨肿瘤切除术期间常见的暴露情况。我们通过测量骨上已知点（即预钻孔）的差异来量化我们技术的配准准确性。
我们的技术显示配准精度为0.44±0.22毫米。这与文献报道的配对点技术的0.68±0.14毫米（P值=0.001）和基于术中CT技术的0.86±0.38毫米（报告数据不足，无法计算P值）相比更具优势。
我们开发了一种使用三维表面扫描技术的新型骨配准方法，用于计算机辅助和机器人辅助手术，该方法快速、紧凑且无辐射。与现有方法（使用历史对照）相比，我们已证明准确性有所提高。
