Abe Hirokazu, Sato-Okoshi Waka
Department of Biology, Center for Liberal Arts & Sciences, Iwate Medical University, Idaidori 1-1-1, Yahaba-cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate 028-3694, Japan Iwate Medical University Yahaba Japan.
Laboratory of Biological Oceanography, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Aramaki-Aza-Aoba 468-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8572, Japan Tohoku University Sendai Japan.
Zookeys. 2021 Feb 4;1015:1-86. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.1015.54387. eCollection 2021.
Planktonic larvae of spionid polychaetes are among the most common and abundant group in coastal meroplankton worldwide. The present study reports the morphology of spionid larvae collected mainly from coastal waters of northeastern Japan that were identified by the comparison of adult and larval 18S and 16S rRNA gene sequences. The molecular analysis effectively discriminated the species. Adult sequences of 48 species from 14 genera ( Claparède, 1864; Carazzi, 1893; Blake & Kudenov, 1978; Verrill, 1881; Malmgren, 1867; Quatrefages, 1843; Caullery, 1914; Bosc, 1802; Malmgren, 1867; Czerniavsky, 1881; Hartman, 1936; Blainville, 1828; Fabricius, 1785; Grube, 1860) and larval sequences of 41 species from 14 genera (; ; ; ; ; ; Claparède in Ehlers, 1875; ; ; ; ; ; ; ) of spionid polychaetes were obtained; sequences of 27 of these species matched between adults and larvae. Morphology of the larvae was generally species-specific, and larvae from the same genus mostly shared morphological features, with some exceptions. Color and number of eyes, overall body shape, and type and arrangement of pigmentation are the most obvious differences between genera or species. The morphological information on spionid larvae provided in this study contributes to species or genus level larval identification of this taxon in the studied area. Identification keys to genera and species of planktonic spionid larvae in northeastern Japan are provided. The preliminary results of the molecular phylogeny of the family Spionidae using 18S and 16S rRNA gene regions are also provided.
多毛纲海稚虫科的浮游幼虫是全球沿海洋生浮游生物中最常见且数量众多的群体之一。本研究报告了主要从日本东北部沿海水域采集的海稚虫科幼虫的形态，这些幼虫是通过比较成虫和幼虫的18S及16S rRNA基因序列来鉴定的。分子分析有效地鉴别出了物种。获得了来自14个属（克拉帕雷德，1864年；卡拉齐，1893年；布莱克和库德诺夫，1978年；韦里尔，1881年；马尔姆格伦，1867年；卡特雷法热，1843年；考勒里，1914年；博斯克，1802年；马尔姆格伦，1867年；切尔尼亚夫斯基，1881年；哈特曼，1936年；布兰维尔，1828年；法布尔，1785年；格鲁贝，1860年）的48个物种的成虫序列，以及来自14个属（；；；；；；埃勒斯于1875年所记载的克拉帕雷德；；；；；；；）的41个物种的幼虫序列；其中27个物种的成虫和幼虫序列相匹配。幼虫的形态通常具有物种特异性，同一属的幼虫大多具有共同的形态特征，但也有一些例外。眼睛的颜色和数量、整体体型以及色素沉着的类型和分布是不同属或物种之间最明显的差异。本研究提供的海稚虫科幼虫的形态学信息有助于在所研究区域对该分类单元进行物种或属级别的幼虫鉴定。给出了日本东北部浮游海稚虫科幼虫属和种的鉴定检索表。还提供了利用18S和16S rRNA基因区域对海稚虫科进行分子系统发育分析的初步结果。
