College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, No. 1, Xikang Road, Nanjing 10098, China E-mail:
Water Sci Technol. 2021 Feb;83(4):831-840. doi: 10.2166/wst.2021.011.
For large rivers with a compound cross section, the downstream channel has a very wide water surface during the flood season. A wide water surface, high water level, and larger wind speed will cause higher waves, increasing the threat of flooding to the dike. The design of a combined-vegetation wave break forest was put forward to achieve better wave attenuation effect. The main idea of this concept is to plant different types of vegetation at different locations in front of the dike. Three single-vegetation and four combined-vegetation forest schemes were tested under seven different water depth conditions. Both physical experiments and wave numerical simulations were carried out for each scheme to study the wave attenuation effect. The results showed that the wave attenuation effect of the single-vegetation wave break forest was significantly different under different water depth conditions, and the overall effect of the combined-vegetation of wave forest was better. Combined-vegetation wave break forests combine the advantages of different types of vegetation in different water levels, which makes it more economical and reasonable to plant by rivers with large water level variation. The proposed design ideas and methods could provide theoretical support for ecological revetment engineering of large rivers and insights for practical applications.
对于具有复式断面的大江大河，在洪水期，下游河道水面非常宽阔。宽阔的水面、高水位和更大的风速会导致更高的波浪，增加堤防遭受洪水威胁的风险。因此，提出了一种组合植被波浪破碎林的设计，以达到更好的波浪衰减效果。该概念的主要思想是在堤防前的不同位置种植不同类型的植被。在七种不同水深条件下，测试了三种单一植被和四种组合植被林方案。对每个方案都进行了物理实验和波浪数值模拟，以研究波浪衰减效果。结果表明，在不同水深条件下，单一植被波浪破碎林的波浪衰减效果有显著差异，而组合植被波浪林的整体效果更好。组合植被波浪破碎林结合了不同水位下不同类型植被的优势，使得在水位变化较大的河流进行种植更加经济合理。所提出的设计理念和方法可为大江大河的生态护坡工程提供理论支撑，并为实际应用提供参考。
