Centre for Ecological Research, Lendület Ecosystem Services Research Group, Alkomány út 2-4, Vácrátót, 2163, Hungary.
Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, Budapest, 1111, Hungary.
Ambio. 2022 Aug;51(8):1855-1870. doi: 10.1007/s13280-022-01708-0. Epub 2022 Feb 25.
Riverine floods cause increasingly severe damages to human settlements and infrastructure. Ecosystems have a natural capacity to decrease both severity and frequency of floods. Natural flood regulation processes along freshwaters can be attributed to two different mechanisms: flood prevention that takes place in the whole catchment and flood mitigation once the water has accumulated in the stream. These flood regulating mechanisms are not consistently recognized in major ecosystem service (ES) classifications. For a balanced landscape management, it is important to assess the ES flood regulation so that it can account for the different processes at the relevant sites. We reviewed literature, classified them according to these mechanisms, and analysed the influencing ecosystem characteristics. For prevention, vegetation biomass and forest extent were predominant, while for mitigation, the available space for water was decisive. We add some aspects on assessing flood regulation as ES, and suggest also to include flood hazard into calculations.
河流洪水对人类住区和基础设施造成越来越严重的破坏。生态系统具有降低洪水严重程度和频率的自然能力。沿淡水的自然洪水调节过程可归因于两种不同的机制：在整个集水区发生的洪水预防和一旦水在溪流中积聚就发生的洪水缓解。这些洪水调节机制在主要生态系统服务（ES）分类中没有得到一致认可。为了进行平衡的景观管理，评估 ES 洪水调节非常重要，以便能够在相关地点考虑到不同的过程。我们回顾了文献，根据这些机制对其进行了分类，并分析了影响生态系统的特征。对于预防，植被生物量和森林范围是主要的，而对于缓解，水的可用空间是决定性的。我们添加了一些关于将洪水调节评估为 ES 的方面，并建议将洪水危害也纳入计算中。
