Department of Nursing, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan; International Doctoral Program in Nursing, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
Department of Physical Therapy, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
J Infect Public Health. 2021 Mar;14(3):358-364. doi: 10.1016/j.jiph.2020.12.021. Epub 2020 Dec 30.
The 2019 novel coronavirus disease pandemic (COVID-19) is one of the most serious health risks facing the global population. Teachers' responses are important in the management of the outbreak in schools. The purpose of this study is to examine teachers' risk perception, self-efficacy, response efficacy, and approach to disease prevention during the COVID-19 outbreak in Taiwan.
A descriptive, cross-sectional online survey was completed by 344 teachers across four levels of education. Pearson correlations between major variables were calculated. General linear model with a posthoc test was used to estimate the least squares means for each level of the independent variables and test the mean differences between the response scores.
The teachers with a higher risk perception showed a stronger adoption of disease prevention measures, but they also showed lower self-efficacy. In addition, teachers with higher self-efficacy had higher response efficiency. Female teachers had relatively stronger adoption of disease prevention measures than their male colleagues, and age was associated with a 0.040 point increase in adoption scores. Elementary school teachers were significantly stronger in this regard than teachers at junior high schools, high schools and universities in terms of behavior scores.
High implementation rate of Taiwanese teachers' disease prevention measures came from their higher risk perceptions. Among them, older female teachers, especially those who teach at elementary schools, are key to implementing disease prevention measures.
2019 年新型冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行是全球人口面临的最严重健康威胁之一。教师在学校疫情管理中的反应至关重要。本研究旨在探讨台湾地区教师在 COVID-19 疫情期间的风险感知、自我效能、应对效能以及疾病预防措施的应用。
采用描述性、横断面在线调查方法，对四个教育层次的 344 名教师进行调查。计算主要变量之间的皮尔逊相关性。采用广义线性模型和事后检验，估计各自变量水平的最小二乘均值，并检验反应得分之间的均值差异。
风险感知较高的教师更倾向于采取疾病预防措施，但自我效能感较低。此外，自我效能感较高的教师具有更高的应对效能。女教师比男教师更倾向于采取疾病预防措施，年龄与采取措施得分增加 0.040 分有关。与初中、高中和大学教师相比，小学教师在行为得分方面表现出更强的疾病预防措施应用能力。
台湾教师疾病预防措施的高实施率源于他们更高的风险感知。其中，年龄较大的女性教师，尤其是那些在小学任教的教师，是实施疾病预防措施的关键。
