Department of Nursing, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, No. 89, Wenhua 1st St., Rende Dist., Tainan 71703, Taiwan.
International Doctoral Program in Nursing, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Rd., Tainan 70101, Taiwan.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018 Jul 7;15(7):1434. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15071434.
Because effective preparations are required to mitigate disaster impacts before implementing effective interventions, it is important to understand why people do or do not act on disaster preparedness. This study explores factors influencing residents’ intentions and actual behaviors following the 2016 Kaohsiung Meinong earthquake in southern Taiwan. Protection Motivation Theory was used to develop a hypothesized model to test hypotheses regarding residents’ disaster preparedness, and structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test the model. Data were comprised of 286 valid responses from seven major administration areas in Tainan, Taiwan. Self-efficacy, response-efficacy, and obstacles were significantly correlated with behavioral intentions and actual disaster preparedness behaviors. SEM results revealed that (a) the model fit the data well, (b) the relationship between risk perception and response-efficacy was fully mediated by behavioral intention, and (c) self-efficacy and obstacles were partially mediated by behavioral intention. Behavioral intent and actual disaster preparedness behavior are related but not equal. The main factors affecting actual disaster preparedness behavior are self-efficacy and obstacles. Therefore, strategies like drills or workshops can improve disaster-preparedness knowledge and capabilities and reduce difficulties of implementing disaster preparedness. To improve health and well-being, healthcare providers should promote disaster preparedness by interventions to increase self-efficacy during disasters.
由于在实施有效干预之前需要进行有效的准备工作，因此了解人们为什么采取或不采取灾难准备措施非常重要。本研究探讨了影响台湾南部 2016 年高雄美浓地震后居民意愿和实际行为的因素。保护动机理论被用来制定一个假设模型，以检验关于居民灾难准备的假设，结构方程模型（SEM）被用来检验模型。数据来自台湾台南七个主要行政区的 286 份有效回复。自我效能感、反应效能感和障碍与行为意向和实际的灾难准备行为显著相关。SEM 结果表明：（a）该模型很好地拟合了数据；（b）风险感知与反应效能之间的关系完全通过行为意向来介导；（c）自我效能感和障碍通过行为意向部分介导。行为意向和实际的灾难准备行为是相关的，但并不相等。影响实际灾难准备行为的主要因素是自我效能感和障碍。因此，演习或研讨会等策略可以提高灾难准备知识和能力，并减少实施灾难准备的困难。为了提高健康和幸福感，医疗保健提供者应通过干预措施在灾难期间提高自我效能感来促进灾难准备。
