Psychological Scicence Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
Fund for Scientific Research (FRS-FNRS), Brussels, Belgium.
Memory. 2021 Mar;29(3):305-318. doi: 10.1080/09658211.2021.1891253. Epub 2021 Feb 23.
Flashbulb memories are consistent and vivid representations of the way people learnt of an important, surprising and consequential event. We had two main aims for this study. Our first aim was to evaluate the consistency of flashbulb memories as accurately as possible (by collecting data on the day and using an interview method at retest) and contrast these findings with other operationalisations such as vividness or confidence but also with event memory. Our second aim was to capitalise on the particular case-study that is Belgium to examine social identification. Within a few hours after the terrorist attacks in Brussels in March 2016, a small sample of students completed a questionnaire on the way they learnt about the event and their knowledge of it. Retest data was obtained fifteen months later, through an in-depth interview. Our results show a relatively high consistency over time as well as high vividness and confidence for their memory of the reception context. We also measured participants' identification at three levels: local (Brussels) - national (Belgium) - supranational (Europe). In the particular context of the Brussels bombings, social identification with Brussels and Europe correlated with measures of flashbulb memory while social identification with Belgium did not.
闪光灯记忆是人们学习重要、惊人且有后果的事件的方式的一致且生动的表现。我们这项研究有两个主要目标。我们的第一个目标是尽可能准确地评估闪光灯记忆的一致性（通过在当天收集数据并在重新测试时使用访谈方法），并将这些发现与其他操作性定义（如生动性或信心）进行对比，也与事件记忆进行对比。我们的第二个目标是利用比利时这一特殊案例研究来检验社会认同。在 2016 年 3 月布鲁塞尔恐怖袭击发生后的几个小时内，一小部分学生完成了一份关于他们了解事件的方式及其相关知识的问卷。15 个月后，通过深入访谈获得了重新测试数据。我们的结果显示，随着时间的推移，记忆的一致性相对较高，对接收环境的记忆也具有较高的生动性和信心。我们还在三个层面上测量了参与者的认同：地方（布鲁塞尔）-国家（比利时）-超国家（欧洲）。在布鲁塞尔爆炸案的特殊背景下，与布鲁塞尔和欧洲的社会认同与闪光灯记忆的测量结果相关，而与比利时的社会认同则不相关。
