Institute of Land Engineering and Technology, Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd., Xi'an, 710075, China.
College of Resources and Environmental Sciences/Hebei Province Key Laboratory for Farmland Eco-Environment, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071000, China.
Sci Rep. 2021 Feb 23;11(1):4396. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-83832-7.
The appropriate nitrogen (N) fertilizer regulator could increase N utilization of crops and reduce N losses in the North China Plain. We investigated the effects of reduced inorganic-N rate combined with an organic fertilizer on nitrous oxide (NO) emissions in winter wheat and summer maize rotation system. Simultaneously studied the effect of different treatments on N use efficiency (NUE), N balance and net income. After reducing the amount of nitrogen fertilizer in the wheat-corn rotation system, the results showed that the cumulative emission of soil NO from the RN40% + HOM [40% of RN (recommended inorganic-N rate) with homemade organic matter] treatment was 41.0% lower than that of the RN treatment. In addition, the N production efficiency, agronomic efficiency, and apparent utilization were significantly increased by 50.2%, 72.4% and 19.5% than RN, respectively. The use of RN40% + HOM resulted in 22.0 and 30.1% lower soil N residual and N losses as compared with RN. After adding organic substances, soil NO cumulative emission of RN40% + HOM treatment decreased by 20.9% than that of the HAN (zinc and humic acid urea at the same inorganic-N rate of RN) treatment. The N production efficiency, N agronomic efficiency and NUE of RN40% + HOM treatment were 36.6%, 40.9% and 15.3% higher than HAN's. Moreover, soil residual and apparent loss N were 23.3% and 18.0% less than HAN's. The RN40% + HOM treatment appears to be the most effective as a fertilizer control method where it reduced N fertilizer input and its loss to the environment and provided the highest grain yield.
适当的氮肥调节剂可以提高作物对氮的利用效率，减少华北平原的氮损失。我们研究了减少无机氮与有机肥相结合对冬小麦-夏玉米轮作系统中氧化亚氮（NO）排放的影响。同时研究了不同处理对氮利用效率（NUE）、氮平衡和净收入的影响。在减少小麦-玉米轮作系统中的氮用量后，结果表明，RN40%+HOM[RN（推荐无机氮用量）的 40%与自制有机肥]处理的土壤 NO 累积排放量比 RN 处理低 41.0%。此外，氮生产效率、农学效率和表观利用率分别比 RN 提高了 50.2%、72.4%和 19.5%。与 RN 相比，使用 RN40%+HOM 可使土壤氮残留和氮损失分别降低 22.0%和 30.1%。添加有机物质后，RN40%+HOM 处理的土壤 NO 累积排放量比 HAN（相同无机氮用量的锌和腐植酸尿素）处理低 20.9%。RN40%+HOM 处理的氮生产效率、氮农学效率和 NUE 分别比 HAN 高 36.6%、40.9%和 15.3%。此外，土壤残留和表观损失 N 分别比 HAN 少 23.3%和 18.0%。RN40%+HOM 处理似乎是最有效的肥料控制方法，它减少了氮肥料的投入及其对环境的损失，并提供了最高的粮食产量。
