College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
College of Agriculture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
Sci Rep. 2022 Apr 29;12(1):7066. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-11391-6.
As one of the important greenhouse gas, nitrous oxide (NO) has attracted much attention globally under climate change context. Agricultural practices are the main sources of greenhouse gas emissions. Nevertheless, scarcity of literature is available on the effects of different tillage measures on soil NO emission under spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) ecosystem in the semi-arid area of the Loess Plateau. The main objective of the experimental study was to explore the influence of conservation tillage techniques on soil physicochemical properties, nitrous oxide emission and yield in the Northern semi-arid Dingxi region of China. Four treatments viz., conventional tillage (CT), no tillage (NT), straw mulch with conventional tillage (TS) and stubble-return with no-till (NTS) were evaluated under randomized complete block design with three replications. Our results depicted that compared with conventional tillage, bulk density and water content of topsoil was increased and soil pH value was reduced under conservation tillage techniques. Conservation tillage NT, TS and NTS increased organic carbon, TN, MBN and NH-N and reduced the accumulation of NON. Additionally, although the NO emission under NT, TS and NTS was 8.95, 41.90 and 21.05% respectively higher than under T treatment, the corresponding wheat yield was 15.40, 31.97 and 63.21% higher than T treatment. Moreover, correlation analysis showed that soil moisture and temperature were the most significant factors affecting soil NO emission. The NTS treatment pointedly increased crop yield without significantly increasing soil NO emission. Consequently, based on economic and environmental benefits and considering NO emission and crop yield, we suggest that NTS technique is the best conservation tillage strategy in the semi-arid environmental zone of the Loess Plateau of Dingxi China.
作为一种重要的温室气体，氧化亚氮（NO）在气候变化背景下受到了全球关注。农业活动是温室气体排放的主要来源。然而，在黄土高原半干旱地区春小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）生态系统中，不同耕作措施对土壤 NO 排放的影响方面的文献却很少。本试验研究的主要目的是探讨在我国北方半干旱定西地区，保护性耕作技术对土壤理化性质、氧化亚氮排放和产量的影响。采用随机完全区组设计，设常规耕作（CT）、免耕（NT）、秸秆覆盖常规耕作（TS）和留茬免耕（NTS）4 种处理，每个处理设 3 个重复。结果表明，与常规耕作相比，保护性耕作 NT、TS 和 NTS 增加了表土的容重和含水量，降低了土壤 pH 值。保护性耕作 NT、TS 和 NTS 增加了有机碳、TN、MBN 和 NH-N，并减少了 NON 的积累。此外，尽管 NT、TS 和 NTS 下的 NO 排放分别比 T 处理高 8.95%、41.90%和 21.05%，但相应的小麦产量分别比 T 处理高 15.40%、31.97%和 63.21%。此外，相关分析表明，土壤水分和温度是影响土壤 NO 排放的最主要因素。NTS 处理明显提高了作物产量，而没有显著增加土壤 NO 排放。因此，基于经济效益和环境效益，并考虑到 NO 排放和作物产量，我们建议在黄土高原半干旱区采用 NTS 技术是最佳的保护性耕作策略。
