Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericutural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212018, China.
Food Funct. 2021 Mar 21;12(6):2428-2441. doi: 10.1039/d0fo03469j. Epub 2021 Feb 24.
α-Linolenic acid (ALA) is recognised to have a regulatory effect on cardiovascular diseases. Due to the low bioavailability of linseed oil (LINO), which is the most common ALA supplement, it is necessary to find a replacement for ALA supplements that is more easily accepted by the human body. The content of ALA in silkworm pupae oil (SPO) is 32.60 ± 0.67%, and SPO can be substituted as a dietary lipid to meet the demand of the human body. In the present study, a pH-stat system was used to investigate the release degree of free fatty acids (FFAs) from SPO and construct a first-order kinetic model. Digestion experiments in vitro with different lipids showed that the maximum release FFA levels were SPO > SO (soybean oil) > LO (lard oil) > MSO (mulberry seed oil) > LINO, and the first-order kinetic apparent rate constants were LINO > SPO > LO > SO > MSO. Triacylglycerol (TAG) and fatty acid composition are the decisive factors in determining the level of lipid digestion. Therefore, the maximum level of FFAs released from SPO (84.34 ± 1.37%) was much higher than that of LINO (49.78 ± 0.52%) when the hydrolysis rates were 0.2114 s and 0.2249 s, respectively. In addition, the smaller emulsion droplet size (609.24 ± 43.46 nm) and weaker surface charge (-17.93 ± 0.42 mV) also resulted in higher levels of SPO under in vitro digestion conditions. Meanwhile, due to low melting and crystallisation temperature, SPO is quickly absorbed by the human body. Overall, SPO can be used as a new alternative for ALA supplements based on its superior digestive properties.
α-亚麻酸（ALA）被认为对心血管疾病具有调节作用。由于亚麻籽油（LINO）的生物利用度低，而亚麻籽油是最常见的 ALA 补充剂，因此有必要寻找一种更易被人体接受的 ALA 补充剂替代品。蚕蛹油（SPO）中的 ALA 含量为 32.60±0.67%，可以替代 SPO 作为膳食脂质，以满足人体的需求。本研究采用 pH -stat 系统研究了 SPO 中游离脂肪酸（FFAs）的释放程度，并构建了一级动力学模型。不同脂质的体外消化实验表明，最大 FFA 释放水平为 SPO＞SO（大豆油）＞LO（猪油）＞MSO（桑籽油）＞LINO，一级动力学表观速率常数为 LINO＞SPO＞LO＞SO＞MSO。甘油三酯（TAG）和脂肪酸组成是决定脂质消化水平的决定性因素。因此，当水解速率分别为 0.2114 s 和 0.2249 s 时，SPO 释放的最大 FFA 水平（84.34±1.37%）远高于 LINO（49.78±0.52%）。此外，较小的乳液粒径（609.24±43.46 nm）和较弱的表面电荷（-17.93±0.42 mV）也导致 SPO 在体外消化条件下具有更高的水平。同时，由于低的熔融和结晶温度，SPO 能被人体迅速吸收。总的来说，基于其优越的消化性能，SPO 可以作为一种新的 ALA 补充剂替代品。
