Tinawi Mohammad
Nephrology, Nephrology Specialists, P.C, Munster, USA.
Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine Northwest, Gary, USA.
Cureus. 2021 Jan 21;13(1):e12841. doi: 10.7759/cureus.12841.
Metabolic alkalosis is an increase in blood pH to >7.45 due to a primary increase in serum bicarbonate (HCO ). Metabolic alkalosis results from alkali accumulation or acid loss, and it is associated with a secondary increase in carbon dioxide arterial pressure (PCO). Metabolic alkalosis is a common acid-base disorder, especially in critically ill patients. The pathogenesis of chronic metabolic alkalosis includes two derangements, generation of metabolic alkalosis via gain of alkali or loss of acid and maintenance of metabolic alkalosis by increased tubular HCO reabsorption (failure of the kidneys to excrete excess alkali). Metabolic alkalosis is the most common acid-base disorder in hospitalized patients, particularly in the surgical critical care unit. Mortality increases as pH increases.
代谢性碱中毒是指由于血清碳酸氢盐（HCO₃⁻）原发性增加导致血液pH值升高至>7.45。代谢性碱中毒是由碱蓄积或酸丢失引起的，并且与动脉血二氧化碳分压（PCO₂）继发性升高有关。代谢性碱中毒是一种常见的酸碱平衡紊乱，尤其是在危重症患者中。慢性代谢性碱中毒的发病机制包括两个紊乱过程，即通过碱的摄入增加或酸的丢失产生代谢性碱中毒，以及通过肾小管HCO₃⁻重吸收增加（肾脏无法排泄过量的碱）维持代谢性碱中毒。代谢性碱中毒是住院患者中最常见的酸碱平衡紊乱，尤其是在外科重症监护病房。随着pH值升高，死亡率增加。
