Department of Community Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Department of Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
J Prev Med Hyg. 2021 Jan 14;61(4):E568-E577. doi: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2020.61.4.1523. eCollection 2020 Dec.
Low- and middle-income countries are experiencing a transition from a preponderance of infectious to Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs). Many of the behaviours that produce these risks often commence in late adolescence. The study assessed the prevalence and knowledge of the major risk factors for NCDs among undergraduates in Ibadan Metropolis. This was a comparative cross-sectional study using a systematic random sampling technique. Data were collected using the WHO STEPs questionnaire and were entered and analysed using SPSS version 21. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, and logistic regression at p < 0.05. Of 1,200 undergraduates, 646 (53.8%) were male and 1062 (88.5%) were aged 15-24 years; mean age was 20.4 (+/-3.5) years; 673 (56.1%) lived on campus. Only 3.1% of the respondents were current tobacco smokers. Also, 51.3% of respondents currently take alcohol with 11.2% classified as having excess alcohol use (> 6 standard drinks in one sitting in the last 30 days). About three quarters (70.6%) of respondents were classified as having unhealthy diets based on fruit/vegetable servings per day. Only 29.3% had adequate physical activity. Moreover, 48.3% were classified as having poor knowledge of the risk factors for NCDs. Overall, 99.3% of respondents had at least one behavioural risk factor. Public university undergraduates were more likely to have good knowledge of these risk factors OR 1.485 (95% CI: 1.485-2.398, p < 0.001). Behavioural risk factors for NCDs were prevalent among these undergraduates. Knowledge of NCD risk factors was average and those who attended public universities were more likely to have good knowledge of the risk factors for NCDs.
低收入和中等收入国家正经历着从以传染病为主向非传染性疾病（NCDs）为主的转变。产生这些风险的许多行为通常始于青少年后期。本研究评估了伊巴丹大都市区本科生中 NCD 主要危险因素的流行情况和知识水平。这是一项使用系统随机抽样技术的比较横断面研究。使用世界卫生组织 STEPs 问卷收集数据，并使用 SPSS 版本 21 输入和分析数据。使用描述性统计、卡方检验和逻辑回归进行数据分析，p < 0.05。在 1200 名本科生中，有 646 名（53.8%）是男性，有 1062 名（88.5%）年龄在 15-24 岁之间；平均年龄为 20.4（+/-3.5）岁；有 673 名（56.1%）住在校园里。只有 3.1%的受访者是当前的吸烟者。此外，51.3%的受访者目前饮酒，11.2%被归类为过度饮酒（过去 30 天内一次性饮酒超过 6 标准杯）。根据每天的水果/蔬菜摄入量，大约四分之三（70.6%）的受访者被归类为饮食不健康。只有 29.3%的人有足够的体育锻炼。此外，48.3%的人被归类为对 NCD 危险因素的知识不足。总的来说，99.3%的受访者至少有一个行为危险因素。公立大学的本科生更有可能对这些危险因素有较好的了解，OR 为 1.485（95%CI：1.485-2.398，p<0.001）。这些本科生中存在 NCD 行为危险因素。NCD 危险因素知识平均，而那些就读于公立大学的人更有可能对 NCD 危险因素有较好的了解。
