North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA.
Br J Dev Psychol. 2021 Sep;39(3):442-461. doi: 10.1111/bjdp.12371. Epub 2021 Feb 25.
The current study examined intergroup-related and social-cognitive correlates of bystanders' acceptability judgements and their responses to bias-based bullying of immigrant peers and to possible retaliation for the bullying. Participants included 179 immigrant-origin and non-immigrant-origin youth (M = 13.23; SD = 1.55; 79 immigrant-origin youth). Participants' bystander judgements and responses to bullying and retaliation were examined via a hypothetical scenario. Further, participants' intergroup attitudes towards immigrants and their social-cognitive skills were evaluated. ANOVA results showed that immigrant-origin youth judged bullying as less acceptable and retaliation as more acceptable compared to non-immigrant-origin youth, documenting that group membership is related to adolescents' judgements. A similar pattern was observed in active bystander responses. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that immigration background, intergroup process in the context of immigration, and social-cognitive skills predict bystander responses to bullying and retaliation. This study provides important implications for anti-bullying intervention programmes to overcome the negative consequences of retaliation in the escalation of aggressive behaviours.
本研究考察了旁观者对移民同伴基于偏见的欺凌行为及其可能报复行为的可接受性判断及其反应的群体间相关和社会认知相关性。参与者包括 179 名移民和非移民背景的青少年（M=13.23；SD=1.55；79 名移民背景的青少年）。通过假设情景来检验参与者对欺凌和报复的旁观者判断和反应。此外，还评估了参与者对移民的群体间态度和他们的社会认知技能。方差分析结果表明，与非移民背景的青少年相比，移民背景的青少年认为欺凌行为的可接受性较低，而报复行为的可接受性较高，这表明群体归属与青少年的判断有关。在积极的旁观者反应中也观察到了类似的模式。分层回归分析表明，移民背景、移民背景下的群体间过程和社会认知技能可以预测对欺凌和报复的旁观者反应。本研究为反欺凌干预计划提供了重要意义，以克服报复在攻击性行为升级中的负面影响。
