Prados-Ojeda Juan L, Gordillo-Urbano Rafael M, Carrillo-Pérez Teresa, Vázquez-Calvo Alba, Herrera-Cortés Mario A, Carreño-Ruiz M Ángeles, Font-Ugalde Pilar
Arch Suicide Res. 2022 Jul-Sep;26(3):1336-1348. doi: 10.1080/13811118.2021.1887023. Epub 2021 Feb 25.
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown may affect suicide risk and behavior. We compared suicide-related presentations during the national quarantine with pre-COVID data. This observational incidence study compared all suicide-related presentations at the University Hospital Reina Sofia emergency department (ED) in Cordoba, Spain, for the lockdown period from 15 March to 15 May 2020, with the same period in 2019. Descriptive and inferential analyses of case characteristics between 2019 and 2020 periods were conducted, and a multivariable logistic regression model developed. Results: Despite a decrease in overall ED cases during the lockdown, the number of suicide-related presentations stayed the same and represented a significantly larger proportion of cases in comparison to the pre-COVID period (0.42 vs. 0.87%, in 2019 and 2020, respectively; < .001). The number presenting alone more than doubled during the COVID lockdown, increasing to 42.9% compared with 19.4% in 2019 ( = .002). An increase in presentations with a family history of suicide was also found. Conclusions: Suicide cases represented an increased proportion of ED cases during the lockdown. Presenting to ED alone, having a family history of suicide, habitual drug consumption, and hospital admission to ICU differentiated cases between pre and during COVID periods. These findings should be considered in light of the second wave and further implementation of lockdown measures.
新冠疫情及封锁措施可能会影响自杀风险和行为。我们将全国隔离期间与自杀相关的就诊情况与新冠疫情前的数据进行了比较。这项观察性发病率研究将西班牙科尔多瓦雷纳索菲亚大学医院急诊科（ED）在2020年3月15日至5月15日封锁期间所有与自杀相关的就诊情况与2019年同期进行了比较。对2019年和2020年期间病例特征进行了描述性和推断性分析，并建立了多变量逻辑回归模型。结果：尽管封锁期间急诊科总体病例数有所下降，但与自杀相关的就诊人数保持不变，且与新冠疫情前相比，在病例中所占比例显著更高（2019年和2020年分别为0.42%和0.87%； <.001）。在新冠疫情封锁期间，独自就诊的人数增加了一倍多，从2019年的19.4%增至42.9%（ = .002）。还发现有自杀家族史的就诊人数有所增加。结论：封锁期间，自杀病例在急诊科病例中所占比例有所增加。独自前往急诊科、有自杀家族史、习惯性药物消费以及入住重症监护病房（ICU）可区分新冠疫情前和期间的病例。鉴于第二波疫情以及封锁措施的进一步实施，应考虑这些发现。
