Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.
Eur Psychiatry. 2023 Feb 3;66(1):e23. doi: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2023.6.
The potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on suicidal behavior has generated predictions anticipating an increase in suicidal tendencies. The aim of this research is to study its influence on the incidence of hospital-treated suicide attempts throughout the year 2020 in Oviedo, Spain.
Data were collected on all patients admitted to the emergency department of Central University Hospital of Asturias in Oviedo for attempted suicide during 2020. Incidence rates were calculated for three lockdown periods. Suicide attempt trends in 2020 were compared with a non-COVID-19 year (2009) to avoid seasonal variations bias. Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were performed. The influence of COVID-19 incidence in Oviedo was analyzed using Spearman's correlation coefficient.
The cumulative incidence rate of attempted suicide per 100,000 person-years was 136.33 (pre-lockdown), 115.15 (lockdown), and 90.25 (post-lockdown) in adults (over 19 years old), and 43.63 (pre-lockdown), 32.72 (lockdown), and 72.72 (post-lockdown) in adolescents (10-19 years old). No association was found with COVID-19 incidence rates (Spearman's rho -0.222; = 0.113). Comparing the years 2020 and 2009, statistically significant differences were observed in adolescents (Fisher's exact test; = 0.024), but no differences were observed in adults (chi-square test = 3.0401; = 0.218).
Hospital-treated suicide rates attempted during the COVID-19 outbreak in Oviedo, Spain showed a similar trend compared with a non-COVID-19 year. In contrast, the number of adolescents hospital-treated for attempted suicide increased during lockdown, suggesting more vulnerability to COVID-19 restrictions after the initial lockdown period in this age group.
COVID-19 大流行对自杀行为的潜在影响引发了预测，预计自杀倾向会增加。本研究旨在研究其对 2020 年西班牙奥维耶多因自杀而到医院接受治疗的自杀企图发生率的影响。
收集了 2020 年期间因自杀而到奥维耶多中央大学医院急诊室就诊的所有患者的数据。计算了三个封锁期的发病率。为避免季节性变化偏差，将 2020 年的自杀企图趋势与非 COVID-19 年（2009 年）进行了比较。进行了卡方检验和 Fisher 精确检验。使用 Spearman 相关系数分析了 COVID-19 在奥维耶多的发生率的影响。
成年人（19 岁以上）每 100,000 人年的自杀未遂累积发病率为 136.33（前封锁期）、115.15（封锁期）和 90.25（后封锁期），青少年（10-19 岁）为 43.63（前封锁期）、32.72（封锁期）和 72.72（后封锁期）。与 COVID-19 发病率之间没有关联（Spearman's rho -0.222； = 0.113）。与 2009 年相比，青少年的差异具有统计学意义（Fisher 确切检验； = 0.024），但成年人的差异无统计学意义（卡方检验 = 3.0401； = 0.218）。
与非 COVID-19 年相比，西班牙奥维耶多 COVID-19 爆发期间因自杀而到医院接受治疗的自杀率呈现出相似的趋势。相比之下，在封锁期间，因自杀而到医院接受治疗的青少年人数增加，表明在该年龄段的最初封锁期之后，青少年对 COVID-19 限制的脆弱性更大。
