孕妇地中海饮食的效果：随机对照试验的荟萃分析。
Effect of Mediterranean diet for pregnant women: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
机构信息
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, P.R. China.
出版信息
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2022 Dec;35(24):4824-4829. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2020.1868429. Epub 2021 Feb 25.
INTRODUCTION
Mediterranean diet might be a promising approach to prevent gestational diabetes mellitus. However, the results remained controversial. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the effect of Mediterranean diet on gestational diabetes mellitus.
METHODS
PubMed, EMbase, Web of science, EBSCO, and Cochrane library databases were systematically searched. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effect of Mediterranean diet on gestational diabetes mellitus were included. Meta-analysis was performed using random-effect model.
RESULTS
Four RCTs involving 2277 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, compared with control intervention for pregnant women, Mediterranean diet was associated with reduced incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus (OR = 0.66; 95% CI = 0.52 to 0.82; = .0003) and gestational weight gain (SMD = -0.15; 95% CI = -0.26 to -0.05; = .004), but had no obvious effect on preeclampsia (OR = 1.04; 95% CI = 0.52-2.11; = .91), preterm delivery (OR = 0.55; 95% CI = 0.20-1.55; = .26) or neonatal unit (OR = 0.71; 95% CI = 0.43-1.19; = .19).
CONCLUSIONS
Mediterranean diet may be effective to prevent gestational diabetes mellitus.
简介
地中海饮食可能是预防妊娠糖尿病的一种有前途的方法。然而，结果仍存在争议。我们进行了系统评价和荟萃分析，以探讨地中海饮食对妊娠糖尿病的影响。
方法
系统检索了 PubMed、EMbase、Web of Science、EBSCO 和 Cochrane 图书馆数据库。纳入评估地中海饮食对妊娠糖尿病影响的随机对照试验（RCT）。使用随机效应模型进行荟萃分析。
结果
共有 4 项 RCT 纳入 2277 名患者，纳入荟萃分析。总体而言，与妊娠妇女的对照干预相比，地中海饮食与妊娠糖尿病发生率降低相关（OR = 0.66；95%CI = 0.52 至 0.82； = .0003）和妊娠体重增加（SMD = -0.15；95%CI = -0.26 至 -0.05； = .004），但对先兆子痫（OR = 1.04；95%CI = 0.52-2.11； = .91）、早产（OR = 0.55；95%CI = 0.20-1.55； = .26）或新生儿病房（OR = 0.71；95%CI = 0.43-1.19； = .19）无明显影响。
结论
地中海饮食可能有效预防妊娠糖尿病。
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