Feiner M S, Sanderson C G
Environmental Measurements Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, New York, NY 10014.
Sci Total Environ. 1988 Feb;69:43-59. doi: 10.1016/0048-9697(88)90335-x.
The Environmental Measurements Laboratory has conducted the Quality Assessment Program (QAP) since 1976 to evaluate the quality of the environmental radioactivity data, which is reported to the Department of Energy by as many as 42 commercial contractors involved in nuclear work. In this program, matrix materials of known radionuclide concentrations are distributed routinely to the contractors and the reported results are compared. The five matrices used are: soil, vegetation, animal tissue, water and filter paper. Environmental soil, vegetation and animal tissue are used, but the water and filter paper samples are prepared by spiking with known amounts of standard solutions traceable to the National Bureau of Standards. A summary of results is given to illstrate the successful operation of the program. Because of the difficulty and high cost of collecting large samples of natural matrix material and to increase the versatility of QAP, an attempt was recently made to prepare the soil, vegetation and animal tissue samples with spiked solutions. A description of the preparation of these reference samples and the results of analyses are presented along with a discussion of the pitfalls and advantages of this approach.
自1976年以来，环境测量实验室一直在开展质量评估计划（QAP），以评估环境放射性数据的质量，这些数据由多达42家参与核工作的商业承包商报告给能源部。在该计划中，已知放射性核素浓度的基体材料会定期分发给承包商，并将报告的结果进行比较。使用的五种基体是：土壤、植被、动物组织、水和滤纸。使用的是环境土壤、植被和动物组织，但水和滤纸样品是通过加入已知量的可追溯到国家标准局的标准溶液来制备的。给出了结果总结以说明该计划的成功运作。由于采集大量天然基体材料样本存在困难且成本高昂，同时为了提高QAP的通用性，最近尝试用加标溶液制备土壤、植被和动物组织样本。本文介绍了这些参考样品的制备方法和分析结果，并讨论了这种方法的缺陷和优点。
