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石墨烯中的可调谐法布里-珀罗量子霍尔干涉仪。

A tunable Fabry-Pérot quantum Hall interferometer in graphene.

作者信息

Déprez Corentin, Veyrat Louis, Vignaud Hadrien, Nayak Goutham, Watanabe Kenji, Taniguchi Takashi, Gay Frédéric, Sellier Hermann, Sacépé Benjamin

机构信息

Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, Institut Néel, Grenoble, France.

Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Japan.

出版信息

Nat Nanotechnol. 2021 May;16(5):555-562. doi: 10.1038/s41565-021-00847-x. Epub 2021 Feb 25.

Abstract

Electron interferometry with quantum Hall (QH) edge channels in semiconductor heterostructures can probe and harness the exchange statistics of anyonic excitations. However, the charging effects present in semiconductors often obscure the Aharonov-Bohm interference in QH interferometers and make advanced charge-screening strategies necessary. Here we show that high-mobility monolayer graphene constitutes an alternative material system, not affected by charging effects, for performing Fabry-Pérot QH interferometry in the integer QH regime. In devices equipped with gate-tunable quantum point contacts acting on the edge channels of the zeroth Landau level, we observe-in agreement with theory-high-visibility Aharonov-Bohm interference widely tunable through electrostatic gating or magnetic fields. A coherence length of 10 μm at a temperature of 0.02 K allows us to further achieve coherently coupled double Fabry-Pérot interferometry. In future, QH interferometry with graphene devices may enable investigations of anyonic excitations in fractional QH states.

摘要

利用半导体异质结构中的量子霍尔(QH)边缘通道进行电子干涉测量,可以探测和利用任意子激发的交换统计特性。然而,半导体中存在的充电效应常常会掩盖QH干涉仪中的阿哈罗诺夫-玻姆干涉,并使得先进的电荷屏蔽策略成为必要。在此,我们表明,高迁移率单层石墨烯构成了一种不受充电效应影响的替代材料体系,可用于在整数QH regime下进行法布里-珀罗QH干涉测量。在配备有作用于零朗道能级边缘通道的栅极可调谐量子点接触的器件中,我们观察到——与理论一致——通过静电门控或磁场可广泛调谐的高可见度阿哈罗诺夫-玻姆干涉。在0.02 K的温度下10μm的相干长度使我们能够进一步实现相干耦合双法布里-珀罗干涉测量。未来,利用石墨烯器件进行QH干涉测量可能会使对分数QH态中任意子激发的研究成为可能。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/beb6/7610789/89999855a3e9/EMS118484-f005.jpg

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