Akter Ayasha, Itabashi Etsuko, Kakizaki Tomohiro, Okazaki Keiichi, Dennis Elizabeth S, Fujimoto Ryo
Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.
Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.
Front Plant Sci. 2021 Feb 9;11:619417. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2020.619417. eCollection 2020.
The genus includes oil crops, vegetables, condiments, fodder crops, and ornamental plants. species underwent a whole genome triplication event after speciation between ancestral species of and closely related genera including . Diploid species such as and have three copies of genes orthologous to each gene, although deletion in one or two of the three homologs has occurred in some genes. The floral transition is one of the crucial events in a plant's life history, and time of flowering is an important agricultural trait. There is a variation in flowering time within species of the genus , and this variation is largely dependent on a difference in vernalization requirements. In , like in , the key gene of vernalization is (). In species, the vernalization response including the repression of expression by cold treatment and the enrichment of the repressive histone modification tri-methylated histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27me3) at the locus is similar to . and each have four paralogs of , and the allotetraploid species, , has nine paralogs. The increased number of paralogs makes the role of in vernalization more complicated; in a single plant, paralogs vary in the expression level of before and after vernalization. There is also variation in expression levels between accessions. In this review, we focus on the regulatory circuits of the vernalization response of expression in the genus .
该属包括油料作物、蔬菜、调味品、饲料作物和观赏植物。该属物种在与包括[相关属]在内的祖先物种分化后经历了一次全基因组三倍化事件。二倍体物种如[具体物种1]和[具体物种2]具有与每个[基因名称]基因直系同源的三个基因拷贝，尽管在某些基因中三个同源物中的一个或两个发生了缺失。花期转换是植物生活史中的关键事件之一，开花时间是一个重要的农艺性状。该属物种内开花时间存在差异，这种差异很大程度上取决于春化需求的不同。在[该属植物]中，与[另一植物属]一样，春化的关键基因是[基因名称]（[具体基因名称]）。在[该属植物]物种中，春化反应包括通过冷处理抑制[基因名称]表达以及在[基因名称]基因座处富集抑制性组蛋白修饰三甲基化组蛋白H3赖氨酸27（H3K27me3），这与[另一植物属]相似。[具体物种1]和[具体物种2]各有四个[基因名称]旁系同源物，异源四倍体物种[具体物种3]有九个旁系同源物。旁系同源物数量的增加使得[基因名称]在春化中的作用更加复杂；在单株植物中，旁系同源物在春化前后的[基因名称]表达水平有所不同。不同种质间[基因名称]表达水平也存在差异。在本综述中，我们重点关注该属植物中[基因名称]表达的春化反应调控途径。
