Tirnaz Soodeh, Miyaji Naomi, Takuno Shohei, Bayer Philipp E, Shimizu Motoki, Akter Mst Arjina, Edwards David, Batley Jacqueline, Fujimoto Ryo
School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.
Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.
Front Plant Sci. 2022 Jun 23;13:849358. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.849358. eCollection 2022.
DNA methylation is an epigenetic mark associated with several mechanisms in plants including immunity mechanisms. However, little is known about the regulatory role of DNA methylation in the resistance response of species against fungal diseases. White rust, caused by the fungus , is one of the most widespread and destructive diseases of all the cultivated species, particularly L. and (L.) Czern and Coss. Here, we investigate whole-genome DNA methylation modifications of subsp. in response to white rust. As a result, 233 and 275 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) in the susceptible cultivar "Misugi" and the resistant cultivar "Nanane" were identified, respectively. In both cultivars, more than half of the DMRs were associated with genes (DMR-genes). Gene expression analysis showed that 13 of these genes were also differentially expressed between control and infected samples. Gene ontology enrichment analysis of DMR genes revealed their involvement in various biological processes including defense mechanisms. DMRs were unevenly distributed around genes in susceptible and resistant cultivars. In "Misugi," DMRs tended to be located within genes, while in "Nanane," DMRs tended to be located up and downstream of the genes. However, CG DMRs were predominantly located within genes in both cultivars. Transposable elements also showed association with all three sequence contexts of DMRs but predominantly with CHG and CHH DMRs in both cultivars. Our findings indicate the occurrence of DNA methylation modifications in in response to white rust infection and suggest a potential regulatory role of DNA methylation modification in defense mechanisms which could be exploited to improve disease resistance.
DNA甲基化是一种表观遗传标记，与植物中的多种机制相关，包括免疫机制。然而，关于DNA甲基化在物种抗真菌病害抗性反应中的调控作用，我们知之甚少。由真菌引起的白锈病是所有栽培物种中最广泛和最具破坏性的病害之一，尤其是在L.和(L.) Czern和Coss中。在这里，我们研究了亚种对白锈病的全基因组DNA甲基化修饰。结果，在感病品种“Misugi”和抗病品种“Nanane”中分别鉴定出233个和275个差异甲基化区域（DMR）。在两个品种中，超过一半的DMR与基因相关（DMR基因）。基因表达分析表明，其中13个基因在对照样本和感染样本之间也存在差异表达。对DMR基因的基因本体富集分析揭示了它们参与包括防御机制在内的各种生物学过程。DMR在感病和抗病品种的基因周围分布不均。在“Misugi”中，DMR倾向于位于基因内部，而在“Nanane”中，DMR倾向于位于基因的上下游。然而，CG DMR在两个品种中主要位于基因内部。转座元件也与DMR的所有三种序列背景相关，但在两个品种中主要与CHG和CHH DMR相关。我们的研究结果表明，在感染白锈病时会发生DNA甲基化修饰，并暗示DNA甲基化修饰在防御机制中可能具有潜在的调控作用，可用于提高抗病性。
