School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Leske Building, The University of Adelaide, Mudla Wirra Road, Roseworthy, South Australia 5371, Australia.
Sydney School of Veterinary Science, McMaster Building B14, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales 2006, Australia.
J Wildl Dis. 2021 Jan 6;57(1):220-224. doi: 10.7589/JWD-D-20-00104.
We detail a novel presentation of tuberculosis associated with intestinal perforation in an endangered Australian sea lion (Neophoca cinerea) from South Australian waters and confirm the presence of this disease in the region of highest pup production. In February 2017, a 3-yr-old juvenile male died shortly after hauling out at the Kingscote beach on Kangaroo Island. On postmortem examination, we found a mid-jejunal intestinal perforation and partial obstruction (from a strangulating fibrous and granulomatous mesenteric mass), a marked multicentric abdominal fibrosing granulomatous lymphadenitis, and a large volume serosanguinous peritoneal effusion. Acid-fast bacteria were detected postmortem in cytologic preparations of the mesenteric lymph node and in histologic sections of jejunum and the encircling mass. Mycobacterial infection was confirmed by positive culture after 3 wk. Molecular typing using mycobacterial interspersed repetitive-unit-variable-number tandem-repeat typing with 12-locus analysis identified Mycobacterium pinnipedii. This case highlights the need for vigilance of zoonotic disease risk when handling pinnipeds, including in the absence of specific respiratory signs or grossly apparent pulmonary pathology. Increased serologic population surveillance is recommended to assess the species' risk from this and other endemic diseases, especially given its endangered status.
我们详细介绍了一只来自南澳大利亚水域的濒危澳大利亚海狮（Neophoca cinerea）与肠穿孔相关的结核病的新发病例，并证实该疾病在幼崽产量最高的地区存在。2017 年 2 月，一只 3 岁雄性幼崽在袋鼠岛的金斯考特海滩上岸后不久死亡。在尸检时，我们发现中肠穿孔和部分阻塞（由绞窄性纤维和肉芽肿性肠系膜肿块引起）、明显的多中心腹部纤维性肉芽肿性淋巴结炎，以及大量浆液血性腹腔渗出液。肠系膜淋巴结细胞学检查和空肠及环绕肿块的组织学切片中均发现抗酸杆菌。3 周后，阳性培养物证实存在分枝杆菌感染。使用 12 个基因座分析的分枝杆菌散布重复单位可变数串联重复基因分型进行分子分型，鉴定出了 M. pinnipedii。该病例强调了在处理鳍足类动物时要警惕人畜共患病风险，包括在没有特定呼吸道症状或明显肺部病理的情况下。建议增加血清学人群监测，以评估该物种因这种疾病和其他地方性疾病而面临的风险，特别是考虑到其濒危状态。
