Psychiatry - Wisconsin Institute for Sleep and Consciousness, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 6001 Research Park Boulevard, Madison, WI, 53719, USA.
School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
Sci Rep. 2021 Feb 26;11(1):4758. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-83980-w.
Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is characterized by disrupting motor enactments during REM sleep, but also cognitive impairments across several domains. In addition to REM sleep abnormalities, we hypothesized that RBD patients may also display EEG abnormalities during NREM sleep. We collected all-night recordings with 256-channel high-density EEG in nine RBD patients, predominantly early-onset medicated individuals, nine sex- and age- matched healthy controls, and nine additional controls with matched medications and comorbidities. Power spectra in delta to gamma frequency bands were compared during both REM and NREM sleep, between phasic and tonic REM sleep, and between the first versus last cycle of NREM sleep. Controls, but not RBD patients, displayed a decrease in beta power during phasic compared to tonic REM sleep. Compared to controls, RBD patients displayed a reduced decline in SWA from early to late NREM sleep. Overnight changes in the distribution of the amplitude of slow waves were also reduced in RBD patients. Without suppression of beta rhythms during phasic REM sleep, RBD patients might demonstrate heightened cortical arousal, favoring the emergence of behavioral episodes. A blunted difference between REM sleep sub-stages may constitute a sensitive biomarker for RBD. Moreover, reduced overnight decline in SWA suggests a reduced capacity for synaptic plasticity in RBD patients, which may favor progression towards neurodegenerative diseases.
快速眼动 (REM) 睡眠行为障碍 (RBD) 的特征是 REM 睡眠期间运动行为中断，但也存在多个领域的认知障碍。除了 REM 睡眠异常，我们还假设 RBD 患者在 NREM 睡眠期间也可能表现出脑电图异常。我们收集了 9 名 RBD 患者（主要是早期发病的用药者）、9 名性别和年龄匹配的健康对照者和 9 名具有匹配药物和合并症的额外对照者的整夜 256 通道高密度脑电图记录。在 REM 和 NREM 睡眠期间、在相位 REM 睡眠和紧张性 REM 睡眠之间以及在 NREM 睡眠的第一周期与最后一周期之间比较了 delta 到 gamma 频带的功率谱。与对照组相比，只有 RBD 患者在相位 REM 睡眠期间与紧张性 REM 睡眠相比显示出β功率降低。与对照组相比，RBD 患者在从早期到晚期 NREM 睡眠期间 SWA 的下降幅度减小。RBD 患者的慢波幅度分布的夜间变化也减少。由于在 REM 睡眠的相位期没有抑制β节律，因此 RBD 患者可能表现出皮质唤醒度增加，有利于行为发作的出现。REM 睡眠亚期之间差异减弱可能构成 RBD 的敏感生物标志物。此外，SWA 的夜间下降幅度减小表明 RBD 患者的突触可塑性能力降低，这可能有利于向神经退行性疾病发展。
