社会支持与龋齿患病情况：来自西班牙裔美国人健康研究/拉丁裔美国人社会文化辅助研究的结果。
Social support and dental caries experience: Findings from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos Sociocultural Ancillary Study.
机构信息
Department of Dentistry, Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
Division of Pediatric and Public Health, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
出版信息
Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2021 Oct;49(5):494-502. doi: 10.1111/cdoe.12626. Epub 2021 Feb 27.
OBJECTIVE
To examine the association of social support with dental caries experience in Hispanics/Latinos living in the United States (US) and to assess whether the relationship is modified by nativity status.
METHODS
This cross-sectional study analysed data for 4459 dentate men and women aged 18-74 years in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) Sociocultural Ancillary Study. At baseline (2008-2011), dentists quantified dental caries experience as the number of decayed, missing, and filled permanent tooth surfaces (DMFS) for all teeth excluding third molars. Social support was assessed according to measures of structural support (Social Network Index) and functional support (Interpersonal Support Evaluation List). Covariate-adjusted multiple linear regression estimated the relationship between social support and dental caries experience and tested whether the association was modified by nativity status (born within the 50 US states, foreign-born <10 years in the United States, foreign-born >10 years or more in the United States).
RESULTS
In covariate-adjusted models, each additional role in the social network was associated with 1.39 fewer DMF tooth surfaces (95% CI: -2.21, -0.58) among foreign-born Hispanics/Latinos with fewer than 10 years lived in the US. For foreign-born Hispanics/Latinos with 10 years or more in the United States, each additional social network role was associated with 0.57 fewer DMF tooth surfaces (95% CI: -1.19, 0.04). No association was observed between functional social support and dental caries experience regardless of nativity status.
CONCLUSIONS
Our findings suggest that structural social support is protective against dental caries experience among recent immigrants of Hispanic/Latino background. This association may reflect the importance of social support to integration into the medical and dental infrastructure and thus receipt of dental care. Future research that examines the behavioural and cultural factors that moderate the relationship between social support and dental caries experience will inform development of culturally sensitive dental caries prevention programs for Hispanics/Latinos in the United States.
目的
研究生活在美国的西班牙裔/拉丁裔人群的社会支持与龋齿经历之间的关联，并评估这种关系是否受出生地状态的影响。
方法
本横断面研究分析了西班牙裔美国人社区健康研究/拉丁裔研究（HCHS/SOL）社会文化辅助研究中 4459 名 18-74 岁有牙者的资料。在基线（2008-2011 年）时，牙医根据牙齿缺失、补牙和龋齿的永久牙面数（DMFS）来评估龋齿的严重程度，不包括第三磨牙。社会支持根据结构支持（社会网络指数）和功能支持（人际支持评估清单）进行评估。调整协变量的多元线性回归模型用于估计社会支持与龋齿经历之间的关系，并检验这种关联是否受出生地状态的影响（出生于美国 50 个州、在美国出生不足 10 年、在美国出生超过 10 年）。
结果
在调整协变量的模型中，在调整协变量的模型中，与在美国出生不足 10 年的西班牙裔/拉丁裔人群中，每增加一个社会网络角色，DMF 牙面数减少 1.39（95%可信区间：-2.21，-0.58）。对于在美国出生超过 10 年的西班牙裔/拉丁裔人群，每增加一个社会网络角色，DMF 牙面数减少 0.57（95%可信区间：-1.19，0.04）。无论出生地状态如何，功能社会支持与龋齿经历之间均无关联。
结论
我们的研究结果表明，结构性社会支持对西班牙裔/拉丁裔背景的新移民的龋齿经历具有保护作用。这种关联可能反映了社会支持对于融入医疗和牙科基础设施以及获得牙科保健的重要性。未来研究如果能够检验调节社会支持与龋齿经历之间关系的行为和文化因素，将有助于为美国的西班牙裔/拉丁裔人群制定具有文化敏感性的龋齿预防计划。
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