Evrard Renaud, Gumpper Stéphane, Beauvais Bevis, Alvarado Carlos S
Laboratory INTERPSY-EA 4432, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France.
Laboratory SULISOM - EA 3071, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
J Hist Behav Sci. 2021 May;57(2):172-193. doi: 10.1002/jhbs.22086. Epub 2021 Feb 27.
Whilst best known as a Nobel laureate physiologist, Charles Robert Richet (1850-1935) was also a pioneer of scientific psychology. Starting in 1875 Richet had a leading role in the habilitation of hypnosis, in the institutionalization of psychology in France, and in the introduction of methodological innovations. Authoring several psychology books, Richet's works contributed to the recognition of the scientific nature of the discipline. This role is often underplayed by some historians and psychology textbooks in favor of his later position as a proponent of the controversial discipline he christened metapsychics in 1905, which today lies within the province of parapsychology. In this article, we show how his psychological approach guided by physiology, or physiological psychology, facilitated the reception of psychology. We hypothesize a strong continuity between his physiological psychology and his metapsychics, as he himself considered metapsychics as an advanced branch of physiology, and thus also an outpost of psychology.
虽然查尔斯·罗伯特·里歇（1850 - 1935）最为人所知的身份是诺贝尔生理学奖得主，但他也是科学心理学的先驱。从1875年开始，里歇在催眠术的认可、法国心理学的制度化以及方法创新的引入方面发挥了主导作用。里歇撰写了几本心理学著作，他的作品有助于人们认识到该学科的科学性。一些历史学家和心理学教科书常常忽视他的这一角色，而更关注他后来作为1905年他命名为“超心理学”（如今属于超自然心理学领域）这一有争议学科的支持者的立场。在本文中，我们展示了他以生理学为导向的心理学方法，即生理心理学，是如何促进心理学被接受的。我们假设他的生理心理学和他的超心理学之间存在很强的连续性，因为他本人认为超心理学是生理学的一个高级分支，因此也是心理学的一个前哨阵地。
