Department of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, 500085, India.
Crit Rev Oncog. 2021;26(1):51-60. doi: 10.1615/CritRevOncog.2020036027.
Liver cancer is classified amongst the foremost causes of tumor-associated deaths around the world. The liver cancer death is more common in men compared to females with overall death rate being doubled from 1980-2017. A primary pathological category of liver cancer is the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which accounts for nearly 80% of all liver cancers. Since HCC is mainly diagnosed at advanced stages, making the surgical and locoregional treatments extremely difficult. Dysregulation of transcription factors, the central modulators of normal and transformed tumorous cellular processes such as STAT-1, STAT-3, NF-κB, Ap1, and HIF-1α are known to be activated in HCC invasion, progression, and metastasis are highlighted in this review. The recently approved drugs, such as sorafenib regorafenib, lenvatinib, and cabozantinib, are tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), which completely reduce HCC progression by targeting transcription factors are discussed.
肝癌是全球肿瘤相关死亡的主要原因之一。与女性相比，男性肝癌死亡率更高，1980 年至 2017 年期间总体死亡率增加了一倍。肝癌的主要病理类型是肝细胞癌（HCC），占所有肝癌的近 80%。由于 HCC 主要在晚期诊断，使得手术和局部区域治疗变得极其困难。转录因子的失调，即正常和转化肿瘤细胞过程的中央调节剂，如 STAT-1、STAT-3、NF-κB、Ap1 和 HIF-1α，在 HCC 的侵袭、进展和转移中被激活，这在本综述中得到了强调。最近批准的药物，如索拉非尼、regorafenib、仑伐替尼和卡博替尼，是酪氨酸激酶抑制剂（TKI），通过靶向转录因子完全抑制 HCC 进展，这些药物也在讨论之中。
