Wondimsigegn Dawit, Woldegerima Berhanemeskel, Taddese Asefa Adimasu
Department of Pharmaceutics and Social Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
J Pharm Policy Pract. 2021 Mar 1;14(1):26. doi: 10.1186/s40545-021-00310-1.
Self-care is one of the growing tasks of community pharmacy professionals. They are highly engaged in consultations in response to specific drug request (product-based presentation) or symptoms clients describe (symptom-based presentation).
This study was aimed at assessing the appropriateness of patient assessment and response to an adult diarrheal case among community drug retail outlets in Gondar town, north-west Ethiopia.
A descriptive cross-sectional study design based on simulated-client method of visit was conducted from 03 August to 21 September, 2020. An adult female diarrheal case scenario was developed and used to guide data collectors to interact with professionals in a standardized and consistent way. All 60 dispensaries in the town during the data collection were included in the study. A pretested data collection tool was used to record the conversation between simulated clients and providers. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.
With regard to patient history, age of the patient, whether diarrhea is watery or bloody and onset and duration of diarrhea were the three most commonly requested questions with 59 (98.3%), 55 (91.7%) and 46 (76.7%), respectively. Past-medical and medication history are enquired in none of the visits. Medication was dispensed in 57 (95%) of the visits and no referral to a health facility was recommended in majority (90%) of cases. The most commonly recommended medications were ciprofloxacin 30 (52.6%) and metronidazole 20 (35.1%). ORS was considered in only 6 (10.5%) dispensaries.
Patient assessment, final decisions and treatment recommendations for an adult diarrheal case are inadequate, irrational and illegal. Educational interventions coupled with incentive mechanisms for cognitive pharmaceutical service and strict regulatory enforcement are needed to reduce the problem.
自我护理是社区药房专业人员日益重要的工作内容之一。他们积极参与针对特定药品需求（基于产品的问诊）或客户描述症状（基于症状的问诊）的咨询工作。
本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚西北部贡德尔镇社区药品零售店对成人腹泻病例的患者评估及应对措施的合理性。
2020年8月3日至9月21日，采用基于模拟客户走访法的描述性横断面研究设计。设计了一个成年女性腹泻病例场景，用于指导数据收集人员以标准化、一致的方式与专业人员进行互动。数据收集期间该镇的所有60家药房均纳入研究。使用经过预测试的数据收集工具记录模拟客户与药剂师之间的对话。数据采用SPSS 20.0版本进行分析。
关于患者病史，患者年龄、腹泻是水样还是血性以及腹泻的发作和持续时间是三个最常被询问的问题，分别有59例（98.3%）、55例（91.7%）和46例（76.7%）。在所有走访中均未询问既往病史和用药史。57例（95%）走访中发放了药品，大多数（90%）病例未建议转诊至医疗机构。最常被推荐的药物是环丙沙星30例（52.6%）和甲硝唑20例（35.1%）。只有6家（10.5%）药房考虑了口服补液盐。
对成人腹泻病例的患者评估、最终决策和治疗建议存在不足、不合理且不合法的情况。需要通过教育干预、认知药学服务激励机制以及严格的监管执法来减少这一问题。
