Estimation of Total Labor Costs in the Russian Economy Taking Into Account the Qualification Level of Employees.

The article, which is a continuation of the study published in the previous issue of the journal, describes a methodology for assessing the total cost of labor in the economy in the context of certain groups of the employed population. In particular, the analysis of estimates of direct and indirect labor costs for three levels of qualifications of workers is carried out. Based on estimates of indirect labor costs, it is shown that the number of jobs produced by one job for workers of low, medium and high skill levels is different both within the same industry and in related industries.