Bitencourt Rafael M, Takahashi Reinaldo N, Carlini Elisaldo A
Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, Brazil.
Post Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Brazil.
Front Psychiatry. 2021 Feb 11;12:638032. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.638032. eCollection 2021.
Although cannabis has been known for ages as an "alternative medicine" to provide relief from seizures, pain, anxiety, and inflammation, there had always been a limited scientific review to prove and establish its use in clinics. Early studies carried out by Carlini's group in Brazil suggested that cannabidiol (CBD), a non-psychotropic phytocannabinoid present in , has anticonvulsant properties in animal models and reduced seizure frequency in limited human trials. Over the past few years, the potential use of cannabis extract in refractory epilepsy, including childhood epilepsies such as Dravet's syndrome and Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome, has opened a new era of treating epileptic patients. Thus, a considerable number of pre-clinical and clinical studies have provided strong evidence that phytocannabinoids has anticonvulsant properties, as well as being promising in the treatment of different neuropsychiatric disorders, such as depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), addiction, neurodegenerative disorders and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Given the advances of cannabinoids, especially CBD, in the treatment of epilepsy, would the same expectation regarding the treatment of other neuropsychiatric disorders be possible? The present review highlights some contributions from Brazilian researchers and other studies reported elsewhere on the history, pre-clinical and clinical data underlying the use of cannabinoids for the already widespread treatment of refractory epilepsies and the possibility of use in the treatment of some neuropsychiatric disorders.
尽管大麻作为一种“替代药物”，长期以来被认为可缓解癫痫、疼痛、焦虑和炎症，但一直缺乏有限的科学综述来证明并确立其在临床中的应用。巴西卡里尼团队早期开展的研究表明，大麻二酚（CBD），一种存在于大麻中的非精神活性植物大麻素，在动物模型中具有抗惊厥特性，并且在有限的人体试验中降低了癫痫发作频率。在过去几年里，大麻提取物在难治性癫痫（包括如德雷维特综合征和伦诺克斯 - 加斯东综合征等儿童癫痫）中的潜在应用开启了治疗癫痫患者的新时代。因此，大量的临床前和临床研究提供了强有力的证据，证明植物大麻素具有抗惊厥特性，并且在治疗不同的神经精神疾病（如抑郁症、焦虑症、创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）、成瘾、神经退行性疾病和自闭症谱系障碍（ASD））方面也很有前景。鉴于大麻素，尤其是CBD，在癫痫治疗方面取得的进展，对于其他神经精神疾病的治疗是否也能有同样的期望呢？本综述重点介绍了巴西研究人员的一些贡献以及其他地方报道的其他研究，这些研究涉及大麻素用于广泛治疗难治性癫痫的历史、临床前和临床数据，以及其在治疗某些神经精神疾病方面的可能性。
