Gao Jing, Xu Xinge, Huang Kunlun, Liang Zhihong
Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing, China.
College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
Front Microbiol. 2021 Feb 12;12:631392. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.631392. eCollection 2021.
G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are transmembrane receptors involved in transducing signals from the external environment inside the cell, which enables fungi to coordinate cell transport, metabolism, and growth to promote their survival, reproduction, and virulence. There are 14 classes of GPCRs in fungi involved in sensing various ligands. In this paper, the synthesis of mycotoxins that are GPCR-mediated is discussed with respect to ligands, environmental stimuli, and intra-/interspecific communication. Despite their apparent importance in fungal biology, very little is known about the role of ochratoxin A (OTA) biosynthesis by and the ligands that are involved. Fortunately, increasing evidence shows that the GPCR that involves the AF/ST (sterigmatocystin) pathway in fungi belongs to the same genus. Therefore, we speculate that GPCRs play an important role in a variety of environmental signals and downstream pathways in OTA biosynthesis. The verification of this inference will result in a more controllable GPCR target for control of fungal contamination in the future.
G蛋白偶联受体（GPCRs）是跨膜受体，参与将细胞外部环境的信号传递到细胞内部，这使真菌能够协调细胞运输、代谢和生长，以促进其生存、繁殖和毒力。真菌中有14类GPCRs参与感知各种配体。本文从配体、环境刺激以及种内/种间通讯方面讨论了由GPCR介导的霉菌毒素的合成。尽管它们在真菌生物学中具有明显的重要性，但关于赭曲霉毒素A（OTA）生物合成的作用以及所涉及的配体却知之甚少。幸运的是，越来越多的证据表明，真菌中涉及AF/ST（柄曲霉素）途径的GPCR属于同一属。因此，我们推测GPCRs在OTA生物合成的各种环境信号和下游途径中发挥重要作用。这一推断的验证将在未来产生一个更可控的GPCR靶点，用于控制真菌污染。
