Kamerling Ilse M, Schofield J Edward, Edwards Kevin J
Department of Geology and Geophysics, School of Geosciences, University of Aberdeen, Meston Walk, Aberdeen, AB24 3UE UK.
Department of Geography and Environment, School of Geosciences, University of Aberdeen, Elphinstone Road, Aberdeen, AB24 3UF UK.
Archaeol Anthropol Sci. 2021;13(3):42. doi: 10.1007/s12520-021-01275-7. Epub 2021 Feb 13.
Analyses of high-resolution pollen data, coprophilous fungal spores, microscopic charcoal and sedimentology, combined with radiocarbon dating, allow the assessment of the impact of Sami and Nordic land use in the region surrounding the winter market town of Lycksele in northern Sweden. Such winter markets were established by the Crown during the seventeenth century AD to control the semi-nomadic movements of the Sami who traded here with Finnish settlers and were also taxed and educated. Little is known about Sami and Nordic co-existence beyond these market places, mainly due to a lack of archaeological evidence relating to Sami activity. Vegetation and land-use changes in the region between ~ AD 250 and 1825 reveal no signal for pre-seventeenth century agricultural activity, but the coprophilous fungal spore records suggest the increased regional presence of grazing herbivores (possibly reindeer) between ~ AD 800 and 1100. Sami activity in the parish of Lycksele has been suggested by rich metal finds dated to ~ AD 1000-1350 and they may have been attracted by an abundance of reindeer.
对高分辨率花粉数据、粪生真菌孢子、微观木炭和沉积学进行分析，并结合放射性碳测年，有助于评估瑞典北部冬季集镇吕克瑟勒周边地区萨米人和北欧土地利用的影响。公元17世纪，王室设立了这样的冬季集市，以控制萨米人的半游牧活动，萨米人在此与芬兰定居者进行贸易，同时他们也要纳税和接受教育。除了这些集市，人们对萨米人和北欧人共存的情况知之甚少，这主要是因为缺乏与萨米人活动相关的考古证据。公元250年至1825年期间该地区的植被和土地利用变化没有显示出17世纪前农业活动的迹象，但粪生真菌孢子记录表明，公元800年至1100年期间，该地区食草动物（可能是驯鹿）的数量有所增加。吕克瑟勒教区丰富的金属发现可追溯到公元1000年至1350年，这表明当时有萨米人活动，他们可能是被大量的驯鹿吸引而来。
