Ismagulov Galym, Hamidi Sofiane, Sheng Guojun
International Research Center for Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021 Feb 11;9:639244. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.639244. eCollection 2021.
From fertilization to onset of gastrulation, a mammalian embryo goes through several rounds of cellular morphogenesis resembling phenomena of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET), collectively referred to as EMTs. How these EMT events play a role in shaping the three-dimensional (3-D) architecture of the developing embryo is not well-understood. In this review, we present a model in which cellular morphogenesis, represented primarily by dynamic changes in its epithelialization status, is the driving force of embryonic 3-D organization. This is achieved through the integration of three key components of mammalian early development, the pluripotency regulation, morphogenetic signaling, and biomechanical force anisotropy. Although cells in an early embryo do not exhibit full mesenchymal characteristics, our model underscores the importance of investigating molecular regulation of epithelial cell polarity and partial EMT/MET in understanding mammalian early development.
从受精到原肠胚形成开始，哺乳动物胚胎要经历几轮细胞形态发生过程，这些过程类似于上皮-间充质转化（EMT）和间充质-上皮转化（MET）现象，统称为EMT。这些EMT事件如何在塑造发育中胚胎的三维（3-D）结构中发挥作用，目前还不太清楚。在本综述中，我们提出了一个模型，其中主要由其上皮化状态的动态变化所代表的细胞形态发生是胚胎3-D组织的驱动力。这是通过整合哺乳动物早期发育的三个关键组成部分来实现的，即多能性调控、形态发生信号传导和生物力学力各向异性。尽管早期胚胎中的细胞并不表现出完全的间充质特征，但我们的模型强调了研究上皮细胞极性和部分EMT/MET的分子调控在理解哺乳动物早期发育中的重要性。
