Nemmer Jana Maria, Kuchner Marcus, Datsi Angeliki, Oláh Péter, Julia Valérie, Raap Ulrike, Homey Bernhard
Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
Medical Faculty, Institute for Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapy, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2021 Feb 10;8:639097. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2021.639097. eCollection 2021.
Pruritus represents one of the most common symptoms in dermatology and general medicine. Chronic pruritus severely impairs the quality of life of affected patients. During the last two decades a number of modulators and mediator of pruritus have been identified. Recently, Interleukin (IL)-31 and its receptor complex attracted significant interest, as clinical phase two studies demonstrated therapeutic efficacy of the neutralizing IL-31 receptor A (IL-31RA) antibody nemolizumab in patients suffering from atopic dermatitis or prurigo nodularis. IL-31 has also been shown to play relevant roles in allergic contact dermatitis, urticaria, mastocytosis, allergic rhinitis and asthma. Here, we summarize the current knowledge of the novel cytokine IL-31 and its receptor regarding cellular origin, regulation, signaling pathways and their involvement in biological processes such as pruritus, neuronal growth, inflammation, barrier dysfunction and tissue remodeling.
瘙痒是皮肤科和普通医学中最常见的症状之一。慢性瘙痒严重损害了受影响患者的生活质量。在过去二十年中，已经鉴定出许多瘙痒的调节剂和介质。最近，白细胞介素（IL）-31及其受体复合物引起了极大的关注，因为临床二期研究证明了中和IL-31受体A（IL-31RA）抗体奈莫利珠单抗对特应性皮炎或结节性痒疹患者的治疗效果。IL-31还被证明在过敏性接触性皮炎、荨麻疹、肥大细胞增多症、过敏性鼻炎和哮喘中发挥相关作用。在此，我们总结了关于新型细胞因子IL-31及其受体在细胞起源、调节、信号通路以及它们在瘙痒、神经元生长、炎症、屏障功能障碍和组织重塑等生物学过程中的参与方面的当前知识。
