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跨性别群体的医疗保健可及性与利用情况:一项美国跨性别者调查研究

Health Care Access and Utilization by Transgender Populations: A United States Transgender Survey Study.

作者信息

Kachen Axenya, Pharr Jennifer R

机构信息

School of Public Health, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA.

出版信息

Transgend Health. 2020 Sep 2;5(3):141-148. doi: 10.1089/trgh.2020.0017. eCollection 2020 Sep.

Abstract

There is little research examining disparities among subcategories of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer people who identify as transgender. The purpose of this study is to elucidate health disparities regarding access to and utilization of health care and experiences with discrimination within the transgender community. The United States Transgender Survey (USTS) was conducted online between January and December of 2015. The survey included questions about health care access, utilization, and discrimination. Chi-squared tests were used to identify differences in demographic variables among transfeminine (TF), transmasculine (TM), and nonbinary (NB) participants. Logistic regression was used to analyze differences in health care access, utilization, and discrimination between the three groups. A total of 27,715 transgender-identifying people participated in the survey. TF and TM individuals were more likely to report postponement of health care utilization due to fear of discrimination and had experienced discrimination in the health care setting than NB respondents. NB respondents were more likely to delay care due to cost. Results from this USTS analysis indicate the need for medical education, policy implementation, and intersectional research to establish health equity for transgender people.

摘要

很少有研究考察那些认定自己为跨性别者的女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋、跨性别者和酷儿群体(LGBTQ)子类别之间的差异。本研究的目的是阐明跨性别群体在获得和利用医疗保健方面的健康差异以及遭受歧视的经历。美国跨性别者调查(USTS)于2015年1月至12月在线进行。该调查包括有关医疗保健获取、利用和歧视的问题。卡方检验用于确定跨女性(TF)、跨男性(TM)和非二元性别(NB)参与者在人口统计学变量上的差异。逻辑回归用于分析三组之间在医疗保健获取、利用和歧视方面的差异。共有27715名认定自己为跨性别者的人参与了调查。与非二元性别受访者相比,跨女性和跨男性个体更有可能报告因害怕歧视而推迟医疗保健利用,并且在医疗保健环境中遭受过歧视。非二元性别受访者更有可能因费用问题而推迟治疗。美国跨性别者调查的这一分析结果表明,需要进行医学教育、政策实施和交叉性研究,以实现跨性别者的健康公平。

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